Comparison Of The Application With Camera Traps In Animal Monitoring In Huaping And Maoershan Reserve, Guangxi

Camera trapping is an useful tool for monitoring terrestrial mammals and birds, and has been used widely in wildlife survey, population evaluation and behavioral ecology. Follow to monitor status of wildlife resource, population spatial distribution and abundancein Huaping National Nature Reserve, and Maoershan Natioanl Nature Reserve, we set 30 infrared cameras in Huaping between November 2013 andMarch 2014, and 40 infrared cameras in Maoershan between July 2014 and January 2015. Analysis the reasons for these differences of species composition of the mammals and birds, their relative abundance, activity pattern in the two reserves, and comparingthe effect of infrared camera technology in animal monitoring. Our results will provide sciecfic basic for future conservation and management of animals living in different habitats, as well as for future researchesin theHuaping, Maoershan National Nature Reserve.The main results are following:1. During the study period were identified 15 mammals species and 19birds species, with Elliot's Pheasant (Syrmaticus elliotis)as category ? state key protected wild animal, soul patch bandicoots(Prionodon pardicolor),Tibetan macaque(Macaca thibetana),the Chinese serow (Capricornis milneedwardsii), red bellied Tragopan(Tragopan temminckii), Silver Pheasant (Lophura nycthemera)as category ? state key protected wild animal. Based on the relative abundance index,Edward's Rat (Leopoldamys edwardsi), red legged yellow bellied squirrel (dremomys pyrrhomerus)and red bellied squirrels (Callosciurus erythraeus), Chinese ferret badger(Melogale moschata) and hidden striped squirrel(Tamiops swinhoei)were ranked the first five most abundant mammal species. Silver Pheasant(Lophura nycthemera), red billed Leiothrix bird(Leiothrix luted) and violet Whistling Thrush(Myophonus caeruleus)living in the top three bird species. The speciesnumber, diversity index and evenness indexofbirds and mammalsin mixed forest was significantly higher than those in other forests. The species number of birds and mammals was significantly higher in 1600-1800m than in other altitudes. The diversity index and evenness index of birds was significantly higher in 1200-1400mthan in other altitudes. The diversity index of mammals was significantly higher in 1400-1600m than in otheraltitudes.The evenness index ofmammals was significantly higher in 1200-1400m than inother altitudes.There were no significant variations in seasonal activity rhythmof Red bellied squirrels(Callosciurus erythraeus),red legged yellow bellied squirrels(Dremomys pyrrhomerus),vesicles giant rat(Leopoldamys edwardsi), Silver Pheasant(Lophura nycthemera), butthere was some difference in thetimeofactivitypeak.It was likely that seasonal variations of rhythm were correlated to the availability of food, reproductive behavior, changes in the length of the sun and so on.2. During the study period we identified 15 mammals species and19 birds species, with Elliot's Pheasant(Syrmaticus ellioti), forest musk deer(Moschus berezovskii)as category ? state key protected wild animal,the black bear(Ursus thibetanus), Tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus),spot Ling fox(Prionodon pardicolor),Tibetan macaque(Macaca thibetana), head spot pygmy owl(Glucidiumcuculoides), spoon chicken(Pucrasia macrolopha),redbellied Tragopan(Tragopan temminckii), Silver Pheasant(Lophura nycthemera)as category ? state key protected wild animal.Based on the relative abundance index, Edward's Rat(Leopoldamys edwardsi), red legged yellow bellied squirrels(Dremomys pyrrhomerus), hidden striped squirre(Tamiops swinhoei), wild boar(Sus scrofa) and red bellied squirrel(Callosciurus erythraeus)were ranked the first five most abundant mammal species. Silver Pheasant(Lophura nycthemera), violet Whistling Thrush(Myophonus caeruleus), red billed Leiothrix birdred(Le iothrix Iutea)living in the top three bird species.There were significant difference in species number, diversity index and evenness index of birds in different habitats.There were significant difference in species number, diversity index of birds in different altitudes.The species number, diversity index and evenness index of birds and mammals in mixed forest was significantly higher than in other habitats. The species number,diversity index and evenness index of birds was significantly higher in 1800-2000m than in other altitudes. The species number and diversity index of mammals was significantly higher in 1400-1600m than in other altitudes. The evenness index of mammals was significantly higher in 1200-1400m than in other altitudes.There were no significant variations in seasonal activity rhythm of red legged yellow bellied squirrels (Dremomys pyrrhomerus), vesicles giant rat (Leopoldamys edwardsi), Silver Pheasant (Lophura nycthemera), but there was some difference in the time of activity peak. It was likely that seasonal variations of rhythm were correlated to the availability of food.3. On the whole,the effect ofmonitoringwas significantlybetter in Huaping Reserve than in Maoershan Reserve.There were significant higher in diversity index and evenness index of birds and mammals in HuapingReserve, andthe genera and families of birds and mammals niche differentiation degree and comparison of species diversity in Huaping Reserve.Thespecies number, diversity index and evenness index of birds and mammals in tworeservein mixed forestwas significantly higher than in other habitats. The species number, diversity index and evenness index of birds and mammalsin Huaping reserve washigher in middle altitude region. The species number, diversity index and evenness index of mammals in Maoershan reserve was higher in middle altitude region.The species number, diversity index and evenness index of birds in Maoershan reserve was higher in high altitude region.There were no significant variations in seasonal activity rhythm of red legged yellow bellied squirrels(Dremomys pyrrhomerus), vesicles giant rat(Leopoldamys edwardsi), Silver Pheasant(Lophura nycthemera)in two reserve, but there was some difference in the time of activity peak.It was likely that seasonal variations of rhythm were correlated to the availability of food and habitat quality.