Diversity Of Mammals And Birds,Ungulates Activity Rhythm And Habitat Selection By Camera Trapping In The Taohongling

Camera trapping has been widely used in the research field of wildlife monitoring.Between March 2017 and December 2018,the diversity of avian and mammal species,ungulates activity rhythm and habitat selection were surveyed with camera traps in Taohongling Sika Deer National Nature Reserve.The main results are fallowing:1.During the study period,3185 independent wildlife photographs were collected,including 941 photos of 56 avian species from 25 families and 10 orders and 15 mammal species from 9 families and 4 orders.Among the detected species,2 are listed as Class?state key protected wild animals in China,including Syrmaticus ellioti and Cervus nippon.7 are listed as Class?state key protected wild animals in China,including Accipiter virgatus,Lophura nycthemera,Pucrasia macrolopha,Tyto longimembris,Otus lettia,Otus sunia,Viverricula indica.Muntiacus reevesi and Lophura nycthemera possessed the highest relative abundance index among the mammal and avian species.In July 2017,Lophura nycthemera,Cervus nippon and Muntiacus reevesi reached an active peak,In April 2018,Syrmaticus ellioti,Cervus nippon and Sus Scrofa reached an active peak.According to spatial distribution,Syrmaticus ellioti and Lophura nycthemera were mainly concentrated around the protected area.Cervus nippon and Muntiacus reevesi were mainly concentrated in the core area of the reserve.Sus Scrofa was evenly distributed in all reserve.2.The activity pattern of ungulates exists significant seasonal difference,Cervus nippon,spring,summer,autumn and winter daily activity patterns showed peaks at 03:00,18:00-19:00,18:00-19:00 and 04:00.Sus Scrofa,spring,summer,autumn and winter daily activity patterns showed peaks at 18:00-19:00,06:00,06:00 and 13:00.Muntiacus reevesi showed obvious crepuscular habits,spring daily activity patterns showed two peaks at 08:00 and 18:00,summer daily activity patterns showed two peaks at 07:00and 18:00.Autumn and winter daily activity patterns showed peaks at 06:00.3.Ungulates species obvious differences habitat preference in habitat selection.The preferred habitat types of Cervus nippon were positively correlated with altitude,grass,shrub,broad-leaved forest and coniferous forest,and negatively correlated with reservoir and bamboo forest.The favorite habitats of Sus Scrofa were positively correlated with villages,reservoirs and shrubs,and negatively correlated with elevation,grass and broad-leaved forests.Muntiacus reevesi prefers habitats that are close to the road.