| From December 2014 to December 2016,mammal resources and ecological behavior of Cervus pseudaxis were studied by transect method,night trapping method and infrared triggered camera technology in Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve of Zhejiang Province.The main conclusions as following:1.The transect method night clip method and infrared camera method were used to investigate the mammal resources of nature reserve.Based on the data obtained from the above three methods,we found a total of 22 species of mammals,belonging to 5 orders and 12 families.Among the mammals obtained from this survey,there were insectivore(15%),lagomorpha(5%),rodentia(35%),carnivore(20%),artiodactyla(5%).In the Qingliangfeng Nature Reserve,Cervus pseudaxis and Naemorhedus sumatraensis were the national first-class protected animals(9.1%)and the Naemorhedus sumatraensis was the national secondary protected animal(5%)and 7 species was the general protective animals,accounting for 31.8%.2.Take Qianqingtang,Longtangshan and Shunxi as the center,extending in different directions,transect-method was performed to survey.The total transect area of Qianqingtang was the largest(the transect area was 4.78 km2),and the number of individuals was the largest(the number of individuals was 13),and the population density of Cervus pseudaxis was 2.82 individuals/km2,so the number of wild Cervus pseudaxis in Qianqingtang is about 161.The population density of Cervus pseudaxis in Longtangshan and Shunxi was 1.44 individuals/k=2 and 1.68 individuals/km2,and the number of wild Cervus pseudaxis was estimated at 59 and 18 respectively.The total number was about 195.1470 photographs were captured by infrared-triggered camera method in two years,and we get population density of Cervus pseudaxisin in Qianqingtang Reserve.Combined with the actual field investigation,we believed that the population density of D3(3.37 ± 0.37 individuals/km2)is the most realistic.Based on the results of the visit,transect method and the infrared-triggered camera method,the number of Cervus pseudaxis was about 250,and it has increased compared to the survey in 2000(about 200).3.During the study period,the activity rhythm of Cervus pseudaxis was analyzed by monitoring the activity time using infrared camera for 24h every day.The results showed that there was a significant difference(P<0.01)in the daily activity difference index of Cervus pseudaxis,and the daily activity uniformity of Cervus pseudaxis was also changed with the seasons.The average number of a value in winter was significantly higher than that in the other three seasons,indicating that the activity time of Cervus pseudaxis in winter was not even compared with other seasons,and the activity time was concentrated.The ? value of autumn is less than the other three quarters,indicating the distribution of the activities time of Cervus pseudaxis in the fall is relatively uniform.The difference of daytime index ? was significant(P<0.01),and the average value of ? values in each month was 0.60>13/24,which indicated that Ceivus pseudaxis was diurnal animal,activity time mainly concentrated in the day and evenly distributed.In summer,the ? value of the three months is relatively small,and the P value of the three months in winter is relatively large,indicating that it is also affected by the seasonal variation.Through the seasonal activity intensity index y,it was found that there were two activity trough periods(10:00?11:00 and 19:00?20:00)and three activity peaks(7:00?9:00,12:00?14:00,17:00?19:00).In the trough,Cervus pseudaxis may be resting and ruminant,and it may be foraging in the peak.4.According to the distribution intensity data of Cervus pseudaxis captured by the infrared-triggered camera,we plotted the distribution map of Cervus pseudaxis in protection area.In most of the protected areas,we found traces of Cervus pseudaxis,and the core area of the protected is the main habitat In Qianqingtang,the distribution intensity parameter F was the highest,followed by 18 and 5.Compared with the buffer zone and the experimental area,the camera(17,18,19,31,41)located in the core area has a higher distribution parameter of Cervus pseudaxis.Infrared cameras were placed in a certain altitude(600?1300 m),the highest shooting rate(10.32%)was found in the highest altitude(1200?1300 m),and the shooting rate at lower altitude was relatively low,and at altitude during 700 m to 800 m areas also have a high shooting rate.The shooting rate was the highest in the deciduous broad-leaved forest(4.60%),the second was in the coniferous forest,and the lowest in the evergreen broad-leaved forest.In the artificial radish ground of protected area,the shooting rate was relatively low(3.12%).5.We surveyed the small mammal resources by the night trap method and analyzed the distribution of rodent community in Qianqingtang National Nature Reserve.A total of 139 rats were captured,belonging to 6 species.In the rodent.community of the Qianqingtang National Nature Reserve,Niviventer confucianus,Apodemus agrarius,Niviventer fulvescens were all dominant species(the proportion of the rodents was more than 10%),while Niviventer confucianus occupied the the highest proportion(46.76%).Leopoldamys edwardsi and Rattus norvegicus were the common species(1%?10%of the rodent community),and the proportion of Rattus lossea was the smallest(0.72%).Different habitats have different rodent populations and rodent density.Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest is the main habitat of rodent community.A total of 40 rodents of 5 species of were captured in the Qianqingtang-Tianchi area with a highest capture rate of 4.00%among the five regions.At an altitude of 1100m in the area,there were 22 rodents belonged to 4 species were captured;the capture rate is 4.44%.The community composition and population density of the rodents vary with habitat,altitude and seasons. |
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