| In order to grasp the plant diversity and temporal and spatial changes of lakeside wetlands in Yunnan,and better serve the specific wetland construction.In this study,sample sites and quadrats were set up in the narrow lakeside area of 24 lakes and wetlands in Yunnan Province,where the water and land boundary was 200-300 meters.Based on the investigation of wetland plants,native plants,alien plants,woody plants and aquatic plants in the study area,the species diversity of wetland plants was classified and analyzed according to their sources,growth and life forms.Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis were carried out to explore the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of wetland plants in Lakeside areas of Yunnan lakes and lakes combined with environmental factors.(1)The plant species of Lake Wetland in Yunnan plateau are rich and diverse.There were 922 species of seed plants belonging to 511 genera and 129 families,including 723 species of native plants belonging to 400 genera and 111 families,199 species of alien plants belonging to 147 genera and 63 families,286 species of woody plants belonging to 164 genera and 286 species of aquatic plants belonging to 30 families and 55 genera,and 327 species of wild plants belonging to 595 species of cultivated plants.It can be seen that in Yunnan Lake Wetland lakeside area,native plants and wild plants are dominant,but alien plants and cultivated plants are also increasing gradually.(2)Growth and life forms.Angiosperm dominates the wetland plants in Yunnan lakes,and the dominant families,multiple families,few families and single families are evenly distributed.Apart from the plant physiological reasons such as ecological adaptation,artificial cultivation is one of the main reasons for the differences of plants in Lakeside areas of Yunnan.From the point of view of growth forms,herbaceous plants are dominant;and the dominant plants in woody plants are native plants and cultivated plants.Some of the alien woody plants in the lakeside area are invasive,showing the trend of spreading outward from central Yunnan or from places where human disturbance is great.This is a problem that must be paid attention to in the ecological restoration of Lakeside wetland areas and the construction of wetland parks.While aquatic plants are predominant in native species and wild species,and cultivated species are few,but the four aquatic invasive plants found are widely distributed,which shows that the invasive forms of species in wetland lakeside areas of Yunnan Province are severe.(3)Spatial and temporal variations of plant distribution in wetland lakeside areas of Yunnan lakes.The richness of plants in wetland lakeside areas in Yunnan is closely related to Lake area,annual rainfall and population,while the introduction and cultivation of plants in Yunnan is more affected by population,tourism and urban development.Statistics show that the native and wild plants in Northwest Yunnan are more abundant and diverse.Dianchi Lake,Erhai Lake,Fuxian Lake,Xingyun Lake and other lake wetlands are more introduced.The number of alien species in the Bitahai Lake,Gendu Lake,Napa Sea,Qingshuihai Lake and Changhu Reservoir in the protected areas or water sources is very small,and the relatively complete natural habitats are preserved.The distribution of invasive plants in these lakes is relatively small.Therefore,complete natural habitats,abundant native species and good conservation measures can reduce the probability of invasive species invasion to a certain extent.In recent decades,the diversity and richness of native wild plants in the lakeside wetland of Yunnan plateau have decreased.However,due to the increase of cultivated plant species and the strengthening of artificial management,some species disappeared and reappeared.Generally speaking,the diversity of wetland plants shows an increasing trend. |
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