Study On Community Grassland Resource Utilization Efficiency In Qomolangma National Nature Reserve

The utilization of community grassland resources attached to grassland which is one of the important Qomolangma Reserve is not only concerned with the development of community livelihood,still with the habitat of Qomolangma Reserve.By counting on the benefit,more impacts of grassland resource utilization on the economic and social livelihoods of the community and the ecological environment can be reflected.Therefore,taking the utilization efficiency of community grassland resources into consideration,especially the coordination of economic,social and ecological benefit for the utilization of community grassland resource,has significant practical significance for the development of community livelihood and the habitat conservation.Supported by the "Baseline Survey Project of the Qomolangma Reserve Community",this paper analyzed the current situation of grassland resource utilization of the Qomolangma Reserve Community by means of the utilization mode,utilization degree and utilization management,and estimated some aspects including the utilization efficiency,benefit coordination and the benefit sustainability of community grassland resources through the multi-objective function evaluation method and the coupled coordination degree model,which is based on the field investigation and the method of the system analysis and the combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis.Through the research,the following conclusions are drawn:First,the utilization efficiency of grassland resources in the Qomolangma Reserve Community needs to be improved.and more attention should be paid to the ecological and social benefit.While paying attention to the ecological environment of the pasture.the protection and quality maintenance of the pasture should be done well for the ecological benefit.Furthermore,it should be of great importance to concentrate on raising the awareness of community grassland resource utilization,correctly understand the balance between the grassland and livestock,the policies of grassland reward and subsidy mechanism and the conflicts and contradictions between nature reserve management and community development as far as the social benefit is concerned.Second.otherness is ubiquitous for the utilization of grassland resources in the Qomolangma Reserve Community under the Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Division.In terms of utilization mode,that of semi-farming and semi-pastoral communities is relatively diversified,while relatively single for the farming communities and pastoral communities.About the management,more importance is attached to it by the pastoral community and the community of the semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral,but the low level of interest for the grassland resources is present in rural communities.In regard to the benefit,whether it is comprehensive or specific in economy,society and ecology,the overall situation of semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral communities is better than that of pastoral communities and agricultural communities,especially the social and ecological benefit of grassland resources utilization in rural communities which has more space of improvement.With respect to coordination degree,that for the utilization efficiency of the semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral communities is relatively higher than the rural community.And a certain degree of imbalance exists in the whole.For the sustainability,there are different degrees of inconsistency in the utilization efficiency of community grassland resources,that is,the current utilization of grassland resources in the community needs to be improved in terms of utilization efficiency,especially in rural communities and pastoral communities.Third,the influence of social and economic factors on the utilization of grassland resources in the Qomolangma Reserve Community has increased.Especially,a significant impact on the utilization efficiency of community grassland resources is emerged in the improvement of community market economy and traffic conditions.the turns of community farmers' consciousness and the changes of development ability.More specifically,the social and ecological benefit affecting community grassland resource utilization exert an effect on the coordination and sustainability of the utilization benefit of grassland resource in community.Fourth,multiple perspectives and attention should focous on the sustainable use of grassland resources in the Qomolangma Reserve Community.The sustainability of grassland resources is closely related to the production and living habits of local communities,and the utilization efficiency of grassland resources is greatly affected by the factors such as policies and markets.From the perspective of sustainability,not only the community,also relevant local functional departments and industry associations should pay more attention on it thoroughly.