Morphological Taxonomy Of Families Opheliidae And Travisiidae(Annelida Polychaeta)from China Seas

Opheliidae and Travisiidae are two common groups of Polychaeta(Annelida)they are found from intertidal zone to deep sea.However,it's very difficult to identify these species.At present,there are no systematic studies in China.In this thesis,we examined specimens from benthic lab in Xiamen University,Marine Biological Museum of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology,the Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural.Using and exploring sampling techniques,preservation techniques,dying techniques,microscopy techniques and imaging techniques to obtain a large number of morphological photos.On the basis of reviewing a large number of monographs and literatures,we studied the morphological characteristics of the Opheliidae and Travisiidae systematically.The results are as follows:1.In this thesis,a total of 12 species of Opheliidae belonging to 5 genera was identified,including 2 new species and 2 new recorded species in China.There are 4 species of Travisiidae,including 3 new species.2.Threacophelia caii sp.n.is mainly characterized by having 14 anterior abranchiate chaetigers,15 branchiate chaetigers,7 posterior abranchiate chaetigers,38 chaetigers,and Pygidium with flattened leaf-like ventral anal plate with elongated apex and 7 equal-sized cirri on each side arranged dorsoventrally to anal plate.This species was first discovered in the South China Sea.3.Ophelia yangi sp.n.,the main characteristic are 10 anterior abranchiate chaetigers,16 branchiate chaetigers,7 posterior abranchiate chaetigers,and 33 chaetigers.This species was previously identified as Ophelia cf.limacine(Rathke,1948)in the intertidal zone of Yellow Sea in China.4.Travisia wui sp.n.is mainly characterized by 30 segments,segments 2-15 triannulate both ventrally and dorsallys,and 4 posterior,achaetous segments on pre-anal.The segemental annuli with transverse rows of warts on the body surface.This species was previously wrongly identified as Travisia pupa in the Yellow sea.5.Travisia amoyanus sp.n.is mainly characterized by 36 segments,including 32 chaetigers.Lateral sense-organs present on every segment,with 1-2 lateral organ on the pre-anal segment is often not obvious.There are nephridial orifices from the 3th to the 14th chaetiger.Those on the 7th to the 10th chaetiger are large and conspicuous,the remainder are difficult to see.The change to the posterior region with the lateral lobes begins at the 15th chaetiger.This species was previously identified as Travisia chinensis or Travisia japonica.6.Travisia huanghaiensis sp.n.,the main characteristic is that the lateral organs are distributed throughout the body,Branchiae filiform,as long as width of body,present from chaetiger 2 to chaetiger 34.These are a triangular mid-ventral process and six cylindrical lobes surmounted each by a filiform papilla.The lateral lobes of the hinder region are flattened and triangular except towards the anus,where they become longer and more cylindrical.The anus is surrounded by seven processes.The body segments are changeable.This species was previously identified as Travisia japonica·7.Armadia amakusaensis.The main characteristic of this is branchiae on setigers 2 to second from last.Anal funnel with V-shaped incision mid-dorsally and mid-ventrally and slightly shorter than last three setigers.Opening of anal funnel directed posterodorsally,funnel thus appearing obliquely truncate in lateral view.Long unpaired cirrus with constrictions at intervals,originating mid-ventrally from inside of anal funnel.This species was identified as Armandia intermdia in the Yellow Sea of China.8.Ophelina tessellate.The main characteristic of this species is that prostomium longer than wide;terminal palpode present.Nuchal organs with posterior lappet.Branchiae start on chaetiger 2 and end on the final chaetiger.Pygidial funnel is laterally compressed;opening ventrally(hood shaped).Tessellated pattern ventrally.Unpaired ventral anal papilla present.