Study On The Evaluation Of Port Spatial Pattern And Utilization Efficiency Based On High-resolution Remote Sensing Images

At present,marine transportation is still the mainstream foreign trade transportation mode in the world.As an important hub connecting the sea and land and foreign trade,the port has become a key support platform for developing foreign trade and exchanges across the coast.Affected by favorable policies such as the “The Belt and Road”,China's foreign trade volume has increased significantly in recent years,and ports in coastal areas are actively expanding port space to increase overall competitiveness.The ecosystem is fragile because the port is located in the coastal zone.Large-scale port construction will inevitably occupy and destroy a large number of natural coastlines,coastal wetlands,and sea areas.There are a large number of coastal ports in China,and remote sensing monitoring and evaluation of the internal pattern of the port is conducive to the intensive use of the port and optimization of the internal space layout,which is of great significance for China's coastal supervision.This paper mainly uses domestic high-resolution visible light remote sensing image data,and takes six ports in the Bohai Rim region as an example to monitor and evaluate the spatial pattern distribution and port utilization efficiency of each component.In the aspect of port space pattern monitoring and evaluation,the eCognition software is used to classify the ports in the study area.Firstly,the size and spatial pattern characteristics of the internal unit of the port are analyzed,Then through the dock index,yard index,port index,deep water shoreline index,port efficiency index and other indicators proposed in this paper,evaluation the dock,yard,dock basin,port line length,shoreline utilization degree and port efficiency of the port.In the aspect of the utilization efficiency of the port,firstly,the large-scale ships in the remote sensing images of each port are extracted,and the characteristics of the number of ships and the size of the plane are calculated.Finally,the port utilization efficiency index proposed in this paper is used to evaluate the ports in the study area.The port utilization efficiency index is used to reflect the busyness of the port.The monitoring results of the spatial pattern and efficiency of six typical ports in the Bohai Rim region indicate that the average basic ratio of dock coastline to dock,yard and dock basin are 1.00 :7.46 :62.25:103.32 for the six ports.The indexes of some ports,such as the yard and dock basin of Bayuquan port of Yingkou and Jinzhou port,the area proportions of dock,yard and dock basin of Jingtang port of Tangshan and Tianjin port,have exceeded the regional average.The six typical port areas around Bohai Rim region all have more space for optimizing.It is estimated that the throughput potentials of Tianjin port,Bayuquan port of Yingkou,Jingtang port of Tangshan and Jinzhou port of Yingkou,Zhifu port and Longkou port of Yantai are 248.83,67.91,100.35,55.38,47.60 and 38.71 million tons,respectively.Tianjin Port and Jingtang Port of Tangshan have a significantly higher prosperity index than other ports,and ships that dock there have larger scale and quantity than the regional average,thus being the most busy port among all ports.The remaining port has a low prosperity index and a lower scale and quantity for ship docks there,the extent of busy-utilization is relatively low,reflecting the obvious differences in the degree of busyness between ports in the Bohai Rim region.