| Chongqing is one of the most important base in the development and implementation strategy of the western region of China.It is an important node in the development of the " Belt and Road " strategy and the important node in the economic zone of the Yangtze River Basin.With the rapid development of China's economy,the economic of Chongqing has become more and more important.Since the municipality directly under the jurisdiction,the urbanization level index of Chongqing has been growing very fast.The urbanization level in Chongqing was only 31% in 1997,but increased to 60.9 % by 2015.The overall urbanization level of the city is more than 4.8 percent higher than the national urbanization average level.The rate of economic has reached 10.7% by 2016,while GDP has the highest growth rate in the country,with an urbanization rate of 62.60 percent of the resident population.However,with the rapid development of the economy,the social problems have become increasingly prominent.The aging rate in Chongqing is as high as 12.01% by 2014.The total number of people which aged 60 years and over in the total population accounts for 17.42% of the total population.The ageing rate ranks first in the western region and has become one of the “oldest” cities in China.Combined with the actual situation of Chongqing City,it is located in the southwest region of China.The terrain within the area is complexed and there are many types of ecosystems.It is a combination of big cities,large rural areas,large mountain areas,and large reservoir areas.It also has strong human activity and strong ecological sensitivity.The contradictions of social problems will also become more acute under such circumstances.It was found that that environmental environment and its load bear objects in Chongqing were greatly changed under the comprehensive restriction of the above factors.Therefore,as a very important economic base in the western region,Chongqing Municipality continues to maintain a steady urbanization process in the context of the construction of a new era of ecological civilization and the construction of a new type of urbanized socialism.At the same time,Chongqing has reduced the level of urbanization in the region and coordinated the population.Social economy,environmental ecology and other aspects have practical significance.Taking Chongqing as the research object,which concepts and methods of demography has borrowed from a population perspective and established consumer population pressure model mechanism,aimed to explore the dynamic changes in resources and environment,and further studies the change of the population consumption pressure of the km grid network in the process of urban and rural reform and development in Chongqing.It provides scientific basis for the planning of regional layout and provides decision-making reference for regional sustainable development.The conclusions are as follows:(1)In 2000,2005,2010 and 2015,the highest population density of the 1kmx1 km grid grid in Chongqing appeared in the main urban area.Where there are township and township settlements in each area,its population density value is higher than that in other areas.The population of the area with an average elevation of less than 400 m above sea level accounted for 54.05%,55.81%,55.82%,and 72.74%;the total population of the area with an average elevation of 200 m to 400 m was 49.91%,51.50%,51.52%,63.74%;the total population of the area with an average elevation of 400 m to 800 m is 31.94%,31.44%,31.43%,and 21.74%,respectively.The proportion of more than 800 m is very low.It can be seen that Chongqing has the largest population distribution in the region with an average elevation of 200m~400m,accounting for more than 50% of the total population.This is in line with the actual situation of the high population density in Chongqing's main urban area.It is shown that the geomorphological pattern of Chongqing to some extent determines the basic pattern of population distribution in the region,and it also shows that this situation is consistent with the fact of the population distribution in the actual administrative unit area.(2)The annual retail sales of consumer goods in Chongqing in 2015 was 8.92 times that in 2000,and the average annual growth rate was 15.71%.The average retail sales per capita of social consumer goods in Chongqing in 2015 increased by 162.23 million yuan per person compared to 2000,with a growth rate of 8.18,and its average annual growth rate was 15.04%.The per capita domestic wastewater and per capita household garbage emission index in Chongqing continues to increase.In 2015,the per capita domestic wastewater discharge index of Chongqing residents was 1.27 times that of 2000,and the per capita household garbage discharge index was 1.56 times that of 2000.The average growth rates were 1.63% and 3.01% respectively.The per capita household gas emissions comparison index of Chongqing residents fluctuates slightly.(3)In 2000,2005,2010 and 2015,Chongqing's 1kmx1 kmkm grid population in Chongqing has generally increased its population consumption pressure,and its high value has appeared in the main urban area.The population consumption pressure at township and township settlements in each county will be relatively large.A comparison of the data from the fourth period from 2000 to 2015 shows that the population consumption pressure in the urban areas has increased.The population consumption pressure in Chongqing in 2005 was 51% higher than the population growth pressure in 2000,and the area of decrease was 49%.The population consumption pressure in Chongqing in 2010 was 97.2% higher than the area where the population consumption pressure increased in 2005,and the decrease was 2.8%.In 2015,the population consumption pressure in Chongqing was 13.7% higher than the area where the population's consumption pressure increased in 2010,and the reduced area accounted for 86.3%;In 2015,the population's consumption pressure in Chongqing was 15.6% compared with the area where the population's consumption pressure increased in 2000,and the area where the population's consumption pressure was reduced accounted for 84.4%.(4)In 2000,the area with low population consumption pressure in Chongqing accounted for 99.05%,and the area with lower pressure was 0.62%,the area with average pressure accounted for 0.15%,the area with higher pressure was 0.16%,and the area with high pressure only accounted for 0.02%.In 2005,the area with low population pressure in Chongqing accounted for 97.58%,and the area with low pressure accounted for 1.93%,the pressure general area accounted for 0.29%,the proportion with high pressure was 0.17%,and the area with high pressure only accounted for 0.02%.In 2010,the area with low population consumption pressure in Chongqing accounted for 96.42%,while the area with low pressure accounted for 2.99%,the pressure general area accounted for 0.33%,the proportion of the area with high pressure was 0.20%,and the area with high pressure only accounted for 0.05%.In 2015,the area with low population consumption pressure in Chongqing accounted for 96.67%,and the area with low pressure was 2.27%.The area with the pressure was 0.93%,the proportion of the area with high pressure was 0.11%,and the area with high pressure only accounted for 0.02%.It can be seen that that basic trend of low population consumption is reduced year by year,from 99.05% of the year 2000 to 96.67% in 2015,and the average population consumption pressure increase from 0.15% in 2000 to 0.93% in 2015,presenting a trend that is increasing year by year,the lower population consumption pressure areas,higher pressure areas and higher pressure areas are fluctuating,most of which is the trend of growth. |
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