The Vulnerability Assessment On The Surface Water Resources Of The Pearl River Drainage In Yunnan And Guangxi Based On GIS

With the impact of climate change and human activities,human beings have some problems related to water shortage,water quality deterioration,water and soil erosion,drought,flooding,and so on.It is urgent to evaluate and resolute the regional water resources problems.The Pearl River Drainage area(Yunnan and Guangxi segments),located in humid and semi-humid subtropical monsoon region.However,the irregular distribution characters of precipitation,the decline of water-holding capacity of hydraulic engineering,and the increase in demand of surface water resource induce resources water shortage,engineering water shortage and seasonal water shortage in this area.Therefore,this study uses the model of surface water resources vulnerability assessment based on GIS to analyze and evaluate the surface water resources vulnerability in the Pearl River Drainage area(Yunnan and Guangxi segments),and obtain results as follows:(1)This study analyzes the situation of water resources and the problems of development and utilization in Pearl River Drainage area(Yunnan and Guangxi segments).Thirteen evaluation factors of surface water resources vulnerability have been constructed,which include natural vulnerability,artificial vulnerability and burdening vulnerability.The Analytic Hierarchy Process is used to determine the weight of each evaluation index.This study constructs water surface resource vulnerability assessment model based on weighted sum of GIS.The vulnerability of surface water resources is evaluated in the Pearl River Drainage area that obtains the distribution of surface water resources vulnerability in the study area:The vulnerability of surface water resources in the northwestern of the Pearl River Drainage area(Yunnan and Guangxi segments)is relatively high,while level in the southeastern is low.(2)The distribution trend of surface water resources vulnerability in the Pearl River Drainage area(Yunnan and Guangxi segments)is further verified by set pair analysis.The results are consistent with those of water surface resource vulnerability assessment model based on weighted sum of GIS,which validate the reliability of model in this study and rationality in selection and weight calculation of evaluation index factor.(3)The surface water resources vulnerability in the Pearl River Drainage area(Yunnan and Guangxi segments)is mainly cause by the uneven distribution of precipitation in time and space and the impact of human activities.The water resources situation and the uneven distribution of water resources and serious soil erosion in development and utilization in Pearl River Drainage area,? should be carried out to build supporting infrastructure,repair and increase rainwater cellars,reservoirs in the extremely fragile area of the headstream of Pearl River;?project leak-proof and closing hillsides and other measures in the high fragile area of the west of Pearl River Drainage area;?build water collection dam,rainwater,interception runoff and other measures in the medium fragile area of the west,northwest,central and east of Pearl River Drainage area;?adjust the industrial structure,improve the utilization of water resources and other measures in the low fragile area of northeast and south of Pearl River Drainage area.Simultaneously,it also puts forward some suggestions that should be speeded up the construction of water conservancy project and promoted the construction of water saving society according to the law.