The Assessment Of Climate Change And Its Three-dimensional Climate Characteristic Impact On Tourism In Nanchuan District Of Chongqing

At present Climate change is a hot issue of global concern and regional climate change response to global climate change is diverse.Therefore,the deep and detailed research is beneficial to the reasonable development of local tourism climate resources and the formulation of climate change strategy.Nanchuan is located in the south of Chongqing approximately 30°N.Within Jinfo Mountain territory,the vertical three-dimensional climate gives birth to biodiversity,well-known as the gene pool of animals and plants.Jinfo Mountain is also the world natural heritage,the national 5A level scenic spot.Nanchuan District has proposed "13th Five-Year plan" to build a national tourism holiday resort,international unique tourism destination and Chongqing tourism "Jinfo Mountain era" goal.Therefore,it is necessary that we will carry out the research on tourism impact assessment of Nanchuan district climate change and its three-dimensional climate characteristics,objectively reflecting Nanchuan climate change facts and impacts of climate change.And it is also of great practical significance for the reasonable development of local tourism climate resources and promoting the healthy development of local tourism.This paper selects the meteorological data of Nanchuan national meteorological observation station in the 1961~2014 period and JinFo mountain state weather station in the 1956~1994 period,using data processing and climate statistical method.This paper analyzes the Nanchuan District basic climate elements(temperature,precipitation,sunshine etc.)and the feature of time and space as well as the change trend of the disastrous weather(rainstorm,high temperature,drought etc.);it deals with the Nanchuan District unique tourism and tourism climate resources.This paper focuses on the impact of climate change and its three-dimensional climate characteristics on tourism and adaptation.The main researched conclusions are as follows:1.The climate change trend in Nanchuan district is basically consistent with the global,China and southwest regional climate change trends.The annual temperature rise rate of Nanchuan is 0.08 ℃ /10 a,lower than the global,China and southwest temperature rise rate,comparable to the average level of the whole city;The annual precipitation decrease rate in Nanchuan is 21.9mm/10 a,opposite to the global high latitude and southern China increasing rainfall trend,consistent with the decreasing precipitation trend of southwest China and Chongqing;From the change trend of seasonal precipitation,the precipitation has a decreasing trend in summer,contrary to the increase trend of Chongqing whole city.In short,the climate change has a weak warming and drying trend in Nanchuan..2.The characteristics of Nanchuan three-dimensional climate are obvious,and the tourism climate resources are various.Taking the annual average temperature as an index,Nanchuan district presents the three-dimensional climate characteristics from about 500 meters above sea level to about 2000 meters,which can be divided into the climate types of central subtropical,north subtropical,warm temperate zone and middle temperate zone.In this area the three-dimensional climate makes the Jinfo Mountain unique tourism experience of " one mountain in four seasons at the same time,in the different sky within ten kilometers ".At the same time the diversity of tourism climate resources and landscape complements each other in different seasons,which makes Jinfo Mount cool in summer,suitable for summer resort;more snow in winter,seeming to be transformed into an ice kingdom;moist in Spring and autumn,suitable for watching cuckoos and enjoying the woods;four seasons are suitable for tourism but not the same,this is not available in other scenic spots.3.The influence of climate change on Nanchuan tourism has both advantages and disadvantages.The warming and drying trend of climate warming and reducing precipitation will cause the decrease of snowfall and snowmass days,the time and cycle of snow skiing will be relatively shortened,at the same time,it will cause an adverse impact on the rivers,lakes and biodiversity;the increasing trend of disaster and extreme weather will increase the safety risk of tourists;With the climate warming,the apline tourism comfort may increase,which means the Jinfo Mountain travel time will be prolonged.Early spring and late autumn may become a new tourism growing point of summer tourism resort,and the warming may cause the increase of high temperature days.Therefor the alpine resort tourism will attract more tourists in Jinfo Mountain in summer.To reveal the influence of climate change on tourism,this paper also puts forward some suggestions that planning and development of tourism should be adapted to local conditions according to the circumstances,paying more attention to science and sustainability,reasonably estimating tourism environmental capacity,strengthening the protection of tourism resources;strengthening the monitoring and early warning of disastrous weather in tourist areas and the effective prevention.This provides scientific basis for the reasonable development and sustainable utilization of local tourism climate resources.