Study On The Impact Of Government Funding On The Efficiency Of Industry-University-Research Cooperation

Since 1992,when the State Economic and Trade Commission,the State Education Commission and the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly implemented the "joint project of industry,university and research",the industry-university-research(IUR)cooperation in our country has been rapidly developed.General Secretary Xi pointed out once again in the report of the 19th NPC that it is necessary to deepen the reform of the science and technology system,and we should establish a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body,market as the orientation,and the deep integration of the industry-university-research institute,strengthen the support for the innovation of SMEs and promotes the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.As a joint innovation activity of enterprises,universities and research institutes,the IUR cooperation has the advantages of highly integrating various resources,shortening the research and development cycle,speeding up the transformation of achievements and reducing the research and development costs.It has become one of the most important means to improve the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements,cultivate new industries and enhance innovation ability.Local governments have promulgated relevant policies in a variety of ways,including direct funding,the issuance of preferential tax regulations and the establishment of a cooperative platform for the IUR collaboration so as to encourage universities,enterprises and other cooperation entities in the region to participate in the IUR cooperation.A lot of scholars,from the perspective of enterprises,universities and research institutions,have studied the cooperation of IUR cooperation,including the motivation,cooperation mechanism and cooperative innovation performance.The attention paid to the cooperation efficiency in the IUR collaboration in the region has also gradually increased.Based on specific provinces and cities,the efficiency of IUR cooperation has been analyzed in detail,and the efficiency of provincial IUR collaboration has also been studied.The efficiency of the IUR collaboration determines whether the investment made by government,enterprises,universities and other research institutes in IUR cooperation can be effectively converted into output,and the level of IUR cooperation in themselves and in the region can be improved.Therefore,through the differences of government subsidies,this paper explores their impact on the efficiency of the IUR cooperation in order to explore effective ways to raise the efficiency of the IUR collaboration.Firstly,this paper analyzes the differences between government-funded and tax-benefit these two kinds of government subsidies on the efficiency of IUR cooperation in theory,and then uses the stochastic frontier analysis(SFA)method to make an empirical analysis and explains the differences.Secondly,based on the previous studies,this paper puts forward the hypothesis that the direct government subsidy and tax preference have the threshold effect on the efficiency of the IUR collaboration,and then tests the hypothesis through empirical analysis.Finally,through the stochastic frontier analysis,the data of collaboration efficiency of the IUR in various provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions from 2009 to 2014 are obtained,and the efficiency of cooperation is analyzed in detail from the whole country and in the eastern,central and western regions.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Both direct government subsidies and tax incentives have a positive effect on the promotion of IUR cooperation efficiency,and the effect of direct government subsidies is stronger than indirect tax incentives.(2)With the intensity of government subsidy as the threshold variable,there is a significant single threshold effect for direct government subsidy to enhance the cooperation efficiency of the IUR.When the government subsidy intensity is higher than 0.1082,the government subsidy is more effective in enhancing the cooperation efficiency.(3)There is no significant threshold effect on the efficiency of the IUR collaboration with the preferential tax rate as the threshold variable.(4)The efficiency of the IUR cooperation in our country is at a low level as a whole.In recent years,the cooperation efficiency in all provinces has been steadily increasing.The IUR collaboration efficiency in the eastern region is obviously higher than that in the central and western regions.The cooperation efficiency is low generally low in areas where the resources of higher education are relatively weak,such as Hainan,Qinghai and Ningxia.