The Influence Of Farmer Households' Livelihood On Their Behavior Of Farmland Use Rights' Transfer At The Suburbs Of Megalopolises

In the period of the rapid urbanization and economic society transformation at the town and city,collective ownership of land,farmers contracted land and the management rights of the land are working on the same time,which is an important stimulus to accelerate the transfer of land management rights.The suburb of megalopolis is a special transition zone between city and village.The dual role of the economic development and the expansion pressure of city make the households having diversified livelihoods and active land transfer.Therefore,setting the farmers in the suburbs of megalopolises as the research objects for the analysis of land management rights transfer in the period of economic society transformation has great reference value.As a consequence,starting from the reality of the great economic gradient difference between eastern,central and western region of China,the research selected 1243 households of Suzhou,Wuhan and the Chengdu suburb as the research objects based on the field research.In the process of research,the variation coefficient method,the OLS model,the quantile regression and the cluster analysis were used to analyze the effects of the livelihood endowment and livelihood strategies on the transfer of land management right.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The similarities and differences of household livelihood capitals coexist in the suburbs of Suzhou,Wuhan and Chengdu.The level of human resource endowment of the transfer-out households is higher than the others in Suzhou,Wuhan and Chengdu.The transfer-out households both in Suzhou and Wuhan have a relatively high level of natural resource endowment,but the level of natural capital in Chengdu is the lowest.There are no significant differences in the household financing ability between transfer-out households and those who did not participate in the transferring.The level of social capital of transfer-out households in Suzhou is lower,but the level of social capital of them in Wuhan and Chengdu is higher than the farmers who have not turned out.At the same time,the farmers in Suzhou and Wuhan who did not participate in the transferring had relatively higher psychological capital value,but the level of psychological capital of the transfer-out rural households in Chengdu was the highest.(2)The characteristics of the transfer behavior on land management rights had obvious differences at the suburbs Suzhou,Wuhan and Chengdu.The agricultural land circulation in Suzhou was mostly organized by the government,the village collective or the new agricultural cooperatives,and had a high rate of the written contract signing,the transfer period was mostly between 1 and 10 years.The agricultural land transfer mode in Wuhan area is mainly the negotiation transfer with their own relatives or fellow villagers for their own development needs,mostly by a verbal agreement and with no agreed circulation period.In Chengdu,the proportion of farmers responding to collective circulation and spontaneous circulation was quite.The transfer period was mostly between 10 and 20 years,and the rate of written contract signing was up to 78.29%.In addition,the way transfer-out of the three regions is mainly rental.(3)The impact of household resource endowment on farmland transfer decision was different in the suburbs of Suzhou,Wuhan and Chengdu.The land resource endowment has an impact on the decision making of agricultural land transfer in Suzhou,Wuhan and Chengdu,but it has negative correlation with the decision of Wuhan suburb agricultural land management right,while Suzhou and Chengdu are positively correlated.Suzhou area and Wuhan area are more prone to transfer out with the more relatives living in the village.The more relatives the households had in Chengdu urban areas,the more households will not turn out the agricultural land,tending to produce agricultural products to meet the needs of their own food at the same time to provide some part of the town relatives.The higher the trust degree with others of the farmers in Suzhou and Chengdu,the more inclined to have the decision of transferring out.In addition,when the toughness index of household at Wuhan was less than or equal to 2,with the increase of the toughness index,the tendency of household outward transferring was becoming stronger,but when the toughness index reached 3 and above,the tendency of household outward transferring decreased along with the increase of the toughness index.Chengdu suburban households with no relatives as urban residents were more inclined to turn out farmland.However,households with relatives as urban residents tend to keep their farm land with themselves.(4)Based on the proportion of non-agricultural income,the proportion of non-farm households turned out to be the highest,and the proportion of the transfer of agricultural land area accounted for the largest proportion of the contracted land area.Based on the male division,the professional non-farm households had the largest proportion of the transfer area at the three regions.In Suzhou,the rate of written contract signing of both non-farm and professional non-farm households was the lowest level in each classification system,while it is the highest level in Wuhan area.Based on intergenerational division of labors,the transfer behavior of agricultural land management rights comes from complete division of the two generations and incomplete division of the two generations in three areas,but the professional non-farm households still keep the largest proportion of the transfer area accounted for the contract area.It is found that the common feature of the three regions is that the signing rate of the written contract is relatively low of the non-farm oriented households by using the system clustering.In order to cater the needs of farmers to establish different policies,we should strictly implement the precise poverty alleviation,especially the industrial poverty alleviation and technical poverty alleviation to enhance the level of human capital and the non-agricultural employment ability.Promote the registration work of the land right effectively,perfect the right of land contract and management,and carry out the mortgage with land management right.Explore the more effective and innovative ways on circulation of the management right.Establish land circulation management service system,and gradually realize the information management on rural property rights trading platform.For improving the ability of farmers to resist and respond to risks,improve the basic living security system of farmers.