The Development Of The Wage Theory From Smith,Ricardo To Marx

This paper mainly studies the formation and development of Marxist wage theory.The theory of wage in classical political economics is the cornerstone of the formation of Marxist wage theory.Adam Smith is the founder of classical political economics.David Ricardo is a master of classical political economics.This paper focuses on the study of the classical political economy wage theory,focusing on the two representatives.On this basis,this paper further studies Marx’s critical inheritance and development of the two wage theories,and the formation process of his own wage theory.The first part of this paper is the introduction,this part mainly introduces the research background,as well as in the current study of wage theory has what kind of significance.At the same time,it introduces the three research methods used in this paper and the two main innovations of this paper.The research methods used in this paper are the method of contradiction analysis,theoretical research and historical research,and comparative analysis.The innovation of this paper mainly has the following two points: First,the systematic investigation and induction of the formation of Marxist wage theory perfect process.Second,the analysis of Marxist wage theory is based on the comparison with classical political economy,and explores the development of Marxist wage theory by comparison.The second part of this paper is based on Adam Smith’san inquiry into nature and causes of the wealth of nations,elaborated Smith’s wage theory system.This part first analyzes the main contents of Smith’s salary theory,such as the natural wage of labor and labor,labor wages are the balance of labor products to land rent,profit deduction and the two factors that determine labor wages.Secondly,this part makes an objective evaluation of Smith’s salary theory.Smith’s wage theory is based on the classical theory of labor economics,and on this basis defines the nature of labor wages as "labor prices." Of course,because the classical political economy of laborII theory has a dual point of view,so Smith’s wage theory will inevitably produce a dual point of view.The third part of this paper is based on David Ricardo’s political economics and principle of Taxation,elaborated Ricardo’s wage theory system.such as the distinction between the natural price of labor and the market price,expand the scope of the natural price of labord and the relationship between labor wages,population growth and capital growth is described.This paper also makes an objective evaluation of Ricardo’s contribution to the wage theory.On the basis of classical political economists,David Ricardo further discussed the issue of distribution and labor value,and then built a more perfect wage theory system.Ricardo has overcome the contradictions in the Smith system and abstracted everything in the bourgeois production relations with abstract deductions.Which makes Ricardo become a master of classical political economy.Part four is the key chapter of this paper.This part is based on Karl Marx ’s classics of Das Kapital,criticism of plutonomy,and analyzes Marx’ s inheritance,criticism and development of classical political economics salary theory.First of all,Marx inherited the classical economics to labor theory of value as the basis of wage theory,inherited the classical political abstract analysis method,and inherited the classical economics wage is the contradiction between labor and capital view.Secondly,on the basis of inheritance,Marx pointed out clearly the irrational places in the classical political economics wage theory and criticized it.Marx argues that the value of labor creation and the value of labor are two different quantities that make clear that wages are the value of labor.This fundamental discovery shapes the Marxist theory of wage economics in economics.And then Marx began to look at the issue of wages with historical development,put forward the wages should be considered the historical and moral factors.The last part of this paper is the conclusion,which summarizes the whole process of Marx’s wage theory from inheritance and criticism.Marx inherited the classical political economy to the theory of labor value theory as the basis of wage theory,on the basis of this criticism of the classical political economics wage theory is nothistorical,confuse the concept of labor and labor and the minimum wage theory.