Policy Supply And Institutional Reform Of Vocational Training For Migrant Workers In The Process Of New Urbanization

The construction of new-type urbanization is a major strategic plan put forward in the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and it also represents a critical move for China to promote economic and social development.At present,China’s urban population has reached 771.16 million,of which migrant workers accounted for 277.47 million,marking 36%of the whole.Still,tens of millions of rural migrant workers continue to migrate to the urban areas every year.Therefore,to avoid the so-called "middle income trap" and advance into developed countries,China should greatly promote the professional quality and entrepreneurship of migrant workers,which also remains a major Impact Factor(IF)for new-type urbanization construction and the task to be early addressed in vocational education research.Based on the existing research results,this paper,through Literature Study and Comparative Research,summarizes the policies concerning vocational training for migrant workers and analyzes the problems existing in the vocational training policy supply.Besides,it also studies the adoption of foreign countries in labor force transfer in the urbanization process and finally puts forward suggestions on the reform of vocational training system in China.Effective policy supply functions as an important approach to improve the quality of vocational training for migrant workers and help them integrate into urban life.Since China’s reform and opening up,a series of policies and documents concerning vocational training for migrant workers were established according to reform priorities in different stages to guide and standardize training practice in this aspect.Policy regulations about migrant worker vocational training have been promoted from being a discrete component of "San Nong" policy,namely the issues of agriculture,rural areas and farmers to a complete set of systematic plan and top-level design.Success of new-type urbanization construction cannot be made without the consideration and practice of vocational training for migrant workers.Generally speaking,the existing vocational training policy supply and institutional arrangement can not meet the development requirement of new-type urbanization construction,nor can it meet the needs of migrant workers for vocational training.Specifically,problems about vocational training policies for migrant workers are as follows:excessive emphasis on efficiency and upgrading of vocational skills while ignoring fairness and the cultivation of professional quality;convergence mechanism of migrant workers vocational training policy remains to be promoted with such problems as unclear administrative order source,insufficient vocational training legislation system and sluggish participation of vocational colleges.Besides,concerning training budget,the ambiguous regulations about training expenditure and insufficient financial input by government and enterprises lead to migrant wokrers unable to afford the training.As for the courses arrangementt of vocational training,the problems are that vocational training courses are not systemic and incompatible with social demand and assessment mechanism remains to be improved.To advance new-type urbanization construction with great efficacy,we should improve existing vocational training institutional system for migrant workers by referring to the experience of foreign countries in labour force transfer and vocational training.To begin with,adhere to "fairness" and "people first" oriented value conception,integrate new-type urbanization constrution with the development of people and strike a balance between efficiency and fairness.Secondly,promote legislation in this regard and define clearly accountability system.Thirdly,establish a complete vocational training system for migrant workers,especially that vocational colleges should lead the responsibilities for migrant worker training.Fourthly,provide clear interpretation of training system and mechanism,for example,the responsibilities between central and local government,the government where the labor fource come and go,and among different administrative departments shall be clearly defined.Fifthly,integrate training resources from each party,for example,rationalize appropriation sharing mechanism,intensify government financial input,mobilize social community and individuals to participate in the training,especially that migrant workers should be highly motivated.Finally,strictly implement supervision and assessment mechanism of the vocational training for migrant wokrers so to achieve transparency of training information,the standardization of supervision,the institutionalization of performance assessment,the high efficiency of appropriation utilization and eventually the satisfying results can be made.Therefore,establishing comprehensive vocational training system for migrant workers and integrating such system into new-type urbanization construction represent a fundamental institutional adoption in the process of new-type urbanization in China.