Research On The Formation Of Prime Verbs In Modern Chinese

In the study of Chinese word formation, morphemes are usually regarded as a whole unit. However,for a polysemous morpheme,it is difficult to reveal word-formation differences based on different sememes of the morpheme in this way.So in this thesis , we will study word formation based on morpheme item. The thesis selected 17 verbal morpheme items as the research object, and studied their characteristics and ability of word formation, combination characteristics, generative model from the following three aspects: the grammatical combination, the semantic combination and the generation model of the lexical meaning. The conclusion of the study will enrich the theory of modem Chinese word formation,but also for Chinese information processing especially word processing provide the basis.Firstly,selecting and identifying the research object and the syntax and semantic annotation. The study identified 17 verb morpheme items as the research object and selected the corpus that 547 compound words formed by the the verb morpheme items,taking "the ability analysis of Chinese word formation" that the eighth appendix of The Frequency Dictionary of Modern Chinese and as The Modern Chinese Dictionary the basis. In addition, the meaning of the non-target morpheme items was adjusted and the grammatical categories of some non - target morpheme items are marked. At the same time,combined with the meaning and according to the relevant principles,the compound words were classified into the corresponding range which the target verb forms.Secondly, investigating the syntactic combination of the target and non-target morpheme items. The target verb morpheme items (v) can combine with 5 different grammatical categories of non-target morpheme items: noun morpheme items (n),non-target verb morpheme items (v’),adjective morpheme items (a), adverb morpheme items (f) , pronoun morpheme items (d), and the combinations form a total of 8 kinds of grammatical formation modes: v+n,n+v,v+v ’,v’ +v,v+a,a+v,d+v,f+v.This paper studies each grammatical formation pattern. On the one hand, the strongest mode of the target verb morpheme items combination with non-target morpheme items is the combination of the target verb morpheme items and non-target verb morpheme items ("v+v’" and "v’+v"); if considering the formation position,conclusions are as follows: (1) the target verb morpheme items on the left side, "v+n"is the strongest combination mode; (2) the target verb morpheme items on the right side,“v’ +v" is the strongest combination mode. On the other hand,the thesis expounds the relationship of grammatical categories between the morpheme items and the compound words. When the same grammatical category of the morpheme items combination, the part of speech of compound words was as with the the part of speech of morpheme items; When the different grammatical categories of the morpheme items combination, the part of speech of compound words is same with one of them.Based on these, futher analysing by double-sided that the syntactic structures of compound words and the grammtical modes of morpheme items formation words,the paper obtains the conclusions that the synatic structures of compound words which different modes of morpheme items involved and the selections of dingfferent structures of compound words for the modes of morpheme items.Thirdly, investigating the semantic combination of the target and non-target morpheme items. Three types of combinations are regarded as the main study obiect,namely the combination of target verb morpheme items with noun morpheme items,the combination of target verb morpheme items with non-target verb morpheme items,and the the combination of target verb morpheme items with adjective morpheme items. Based on the predecessors’ researching results, the paper obtains the semantic classification of all noun morpheme items, verb morpheme items, adjective morpheme items in the study. And the target verb morpheme items mivolve four categories: [action], [activity], [state] and [physiological phenomenon]. After that, the paper further investigates the emantic selection mechanism of target verb morpheme items for noun morpheme items, non-target verb morpheme items, adjective morpheme items. And gets 57 kinds of semantic combination model. At the same time,the thesis analyses the differences when each target verb morpheme item combines with the three kinds of non-target morpheme items. The study found that, when combined with v’, it is a preferred combination that v with the same semantic class v’;when combined with n, it is a preferred combination that [action] class v with[non-biological] class n, [activity] class v with [information] class n, [state] class v with [attribute] class n, [phenomenon] class v with [creature] class n; when combined with a, it is a preferred combination that v with [properties] class a.Finally, investigating the generative models of the semantic word formation of the target verb. According to the meaning of the ball structure theory, the paper analysed the meaning structures of compoun words formed by target verb morpheme items, especially the elements of word meaning (object meaning, attribute meaning,eigenvalue meaning) and semantic layers (indicator layer and implication layer).Finally the paper conclued two semantic generation modes: (1)the semantic class of the target verb morpheme items was obiect meaning, which was independent and unique. But attribute meaning and eigenvalue meaning were multiple; (2) the semantic class of non-target morpheme was obiect meaning, which was independent.However the semantic class of the target verb morpheme items was eigenvalue meaning, which was attached.This paper is a quantitative study based on annotated corpus. Due to the limitation of time, ability and the number of subjects, the research is relatively superficial. There are a lot of topics in this field, especially the relationship between the meaning and the word formation ability of the verb morpheme items, and the restriction of the semantic meaning of the verb morpheme category.