Research On The Management System Of Oil Spill Accidents At Sea

Shipping is a main method to transport goods in world trade.Rapid development of economy and trade of the world results in frequent vessel movements,thus,the possibility of ship's oil spill pollution to the sea increase.Marine oil spill pollution often leads to great harm to marine ecosystems,marine fishery and marine aquaculture industries,people's healthy and travel environment of coastal cities,which will all slow the economy and development of local society.Thus,nations around the world start to attach great importance to the prevention and control of marine oil spill.Meanwhile,a series of worldwide convention concerning prevention and control,emergency Co-governance and compensation of marine oil spill pollution.Our country's emergency system of marine oil spill from ships started from mid-1990s.After 20years of development,we have made great progress in marine oil spill emergency organization,"One Planning plus Three Systems",the construction of emergency equipment depots,the building of emergency personnel and professional cleaning-up team,marine oil spill surveillance,training and exercises and so on.The control system of marine oil spill pollution at sea has been basically built.However,many problems still exist,for example,emergency power staying weak,oil pollution damage compensation mechanism not complete,enterprises'responsibility for prevention and control being not implemented and the society force not been made full use of.This paper,taking Research on Govern system of Preventing Pollution by Oil Spill From Ships——Based on The Tianjin Mode as a subject,studies Governance theory,materials at home and abroad regarding control of marine oil spill from ships,current situation and existing problems of constructing control system of marine oil spill from ships in our country and developed countries' experience in prevention and control of marine oil spill from ships.By case analysis,this paper studies,during the implement of Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Marine Pollution from Ships,Tianjin made the Tianjin Special Planning of Constructing Emergency Capability of Prevention and Control of Marine Oil Spill Pollution to the Marine Environment(Planning for short)during the time implementing Regulation.Meanwhile,Tianjin built the "The United Mode of Preventing Pollution by Oil Spill from Ships" and built the emergency equipment depots in Dong Jiang,Bei Jiang,Nan Jiang and Da Gukou,which have enhanced Tianjin's ability of meeting emergency.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows,(1)To promote the instruction of the United Prevention Pollution by Oil Spill from Ships Synergetic Capacity,we need to complete the Oil Pollution Damage Compensation Mechanism,to carry out responsibility of local government in coastal regions in constructing emergency capability of prevention and control of marine oil spill pollution,to promote enterprises to build United Mode of Prevention and increase method to participate in marine oil spill emergency activities for society power.(2)To promote the instruction of the United Prevention Pollution by Oil Spill from Ships Synergetic Capacity,we need to consummate Warning System of Pollution by Oil Spill from Ships and emergency Plan System of Pollution by Oil Spill From Ships,to accelerate the development of emergency technology and to strengthening monitoring ability.Meanwhile,we need to build up national emergency equipment depots,emergency management team and emergency team.(3)To promote the instruction of the United Prevention Pollution by Oil Spill from Ships Synergetic Capacity,we need to strengthen Government Information Public to make public or society organization or scientific institution know the information of Oil Spill from Ships ASAP and take part in the governing processes,which finally will form good interaction between public and government.