Grain Production Situation And Problems, Strategies For Increasing Production In Northwest Region Of China

With the growth of population,the demand of food is increasing. In order to meet the growing population, by 2050, the world's agricultural land is about six billion hectares to reach the needs of human's food production. China, as a populous country, is only 7% of the world's suitable land which will face severe challenges. China's population has reached 16 billion and 94.4% of the population live in the East. The eastern region of China has made a great contribution to the development of agriculture and economy, while the development of the northwest region has lagged behind because of the geographical environment and population distribution, According to the analysis of economic indicators in the East and West part of China,the grain output is only 4% while the cultivated land area is 8.5% in the western region of China. The western region is vast, and there are plenty of land available for food production reclamation. Therefore, the future of China's agricultural development must rely on the development potential of Northwest region. So, it will be an important part of agricultural development of how to improve the potential of grain yield and resolve the main limiting factors that restrict the increase of food production in the western region.Based on the analysis of the northwest grain production, consumption status, current cultivated land and grain yield, we investigated the main control factors to grain yield. According to the data analysis, we would like to take measures to promote the sustainable development of food security and social economy in Northwest china. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Grain production in Northwest China was increasing in the last decadeFrom the point of view of the overall change, grain production in five provinces in the northwest from the beginning of 2004 increased year by year. The growth rate of grain production was 0.5% for Shaanxi Province, 3.5% for Gansu Province, 5.6% for Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 1.5% for Qinghai Province, 2.5% for Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The grain production of Qinghai province was maintained at a relatively constant level since 2008.(2)We figured out the control factors that affect the grain production in Northwest ChinaAccording to correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis, the factors that affect the grain production were changeable in different provinces. The results of correlation analysis showed that total machinery power and the dosage of chemical fertilizer controlling the grain production in Shaanxi Province; Population is the main factor that affects food production in Gansu province and the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region; the planting area and irrigation area are the main limiting factors for the grain production of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Qinghai province.(3) The main feasible measures to increasing grain yield in Northwest ChinaAccording to this study, we can increasing grain yield in following aspects: increase agricultural mechanization inputs and fertilizer use; protecting cultivated land resources, increase the planting area; to strengthen water conservancy infrastructure construction; disaster prevention.