The Research Of The Urban Efficiency And It's Influencing Factors

Since the reform and opening of China, there is great development on economy, at present our country is in rapid urbanization period, By the end of 2015, the urbanization rate reached 56.1%, the number of cities is growing fast, now there are 333 regional divisions in our country, the number of cities reached to 288, the divisions at the county level is more than 285. Our country completed urbanization in a short span of 30 years, while the UK spent more than 100 year, our development speed is ten times that Britain. In recent years, under the complex background of the previous financial crisis and the middle-income trap, the President XiJinping puts forward the theory of GDP is not the only standard to evaluate the cadres', GDP is no longer the sole indicator to measure the level of economic development, the world banker in the world development report also pointed out:'Asia's economic growth mainly comes from the input resources rather than to promote the efficiency', Therefore, in the process of economic growth, we should pay more attention to how to improve the efficiency of the cities. It is a better way to promote the health of the social and economic growth.This article mainly divided into four parts:first, there is a briefly analysis of the efficiency and the present situation and characteristics of urbanization and urban efficiency, find out the regional difference, then introduced the relevant theoretical knowledge of the DEA method and the spatial econometric. The second part is to choose the appropriate input and output indicators, using DEA method to measure the urban efficiency of 281 cities in our country, and analyzed the efficiency of the city from different angles. The third part carried on the descriptive statistics to data, and building the classical linear regression model and spatial econometric mode to analyze the main factors influencing the efficiency of the cities in our country, and made detailed analysis of the empirical results. The last is the conclusion part of this article, summarized some practical rules for policy makers.Using data envelopment analysis method to calculate the input-output efficiency of each city, find out that the total factor productivity is not high in most of the cities in China, The average efficiency of the city is low; with the enlargement of the area the average efficiency of the city is lower; Urban efficiency is decreased with the loss of the urban administrative hierarchy; the city average efficiency is the highest in the east, followed in the west and central is minimum. In the empirical study of the factors affecting the efficiency, we found that economic development level, science, foreign exchange expenditure has a significant positive effect on urban efficiency, the level of urbanization, the accumulation of capital, human resources, the industrial structure of the elastic coefficient has a negative effect, in the study we also found that compared with ordinary OLS regression model, the spatial econometric model is more suitable for analysis of regional economy.