Research On Key Technologies Of Automatic Measurement Based On Image Sensor And Electronic Theodolite

In the 21 st century,there has been a breakthrough in the field of surveying and mapping and industrial engineering.From traditional conventional measuring instruments to today's automated measuring instruments,from single sensor measurements to multi-sensor combination measurements,surveying and mapping instruments manufacturing and measurement methods have also changed dramatically;The combined measurement of various sensors has gradually become a hot spot in the field of Surveying and mapping,The combination of image sensor and electronic theodolite can complement each other to achieve automatic measurement function;This paper focuses on the image sensor and electronic theodolite or total station combination to achieve automatic measurement,focusing on camera and theodolite combination to achieve a visual guide theodolite automatic measuring and CMOS and total station combined to realize the function of automatic target recognition.The main work and innovation of this paper are as follows:1.Analysis of the measuring principle of camera and theodolite combination,Transformation of TM5100 A theodolite,Fix the camera to the eyepiece of theodolite,Through the camera instead of the human eye to achieve visual guidance,Constructing the system of camera theodolite combination,According to the combination of camera and theodolite,The center coordinates of the artificial reflection mark image and the collimating cross cursor image are extracted respectively.2.Research on the camera and theodolite system combination model calibration method,According to the combination of camera and theodolite,Selection of hard combination model calibration method,The relation between the cross section of theodolite and the coordinate system of the camera is calibrated,The calibration of the image pixel coordinate and the theodolite angle is carried out by the grid calibration method;The automatic measuring function of the camera theodolite combination system is realized,The influence of loading camera on the driving accuracy of theodolite is analyzed,The advantages of the relative measurement of the camera theodolite combined system are analyzed and compared.3.Analysis of the principle of total station automatic target recognition and measurement,the CMOS sensor built in the FOIF RTS010 A total station telescope,composed of total station automatic target recognition system,The infrared light source is automatically transmitted by the automatic target recognition system,and the light reflected by the target prism is received by the CMOS;Analysis of the light spot image feature,Research on the two kinds of image preprocessing method,Image preprocessing by means of image subtraction and mean filtering,According to the characteristics of light spot,the center coordinates of the light spot are obtained by the method of weighted centroid,The accuracy of spot center location is analyzed.4.Research on the total station automatic target recognition system model calibration method,Calibration of the CMOS array center,Through linear combination calibration method combined system model of CMOS spot image pixel coordinates and the total station rotation angle calibration,To achieve the domestic total station automatic target recognition and collimation function,And the total station collimation precision and effectiveness are analyzed,its precision and function have reached the expected requirements.