A Fully-Automatic Design And Realization Of Water And Fertilizer Integrated System Based On PLC Control

[Objective]: With the application of modern agricultural information technology and the increasing development of drip irrigation technology,the popularization and cultivation of agricultural crops in Xinjiang and southern Xinjiang has been rapidly rising.However,the irrigation water and fertilizer application of most facilities agriculture are not controlled and wasted.Rate is low.How to improve the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer and land resources and realize the accurate irrigation and fertilization of crops become a difficult and hot spot in the process of agricultural development in Xinjiang.In view of this,according to local conditions to develop a set of suitable for China's national conditions and Xinjiang local low-cost,high efficiency,practical,Fully-automatic water and fertilizer integrated system combined with the sand cultivation techniques to apply the system in the facilities of agricultural crops,Not only become the needs of the development of modern agriculture,but also become the driving force of Xinjiang and Corps minority areas of arid ecological agriculture to achieve sustainable development of the key.[Methods]: The system consists of control center,irrigation and fertilization system,soil moisture collection system composed of three modules.Control system center using PLC(programmable controller)technology and touch display technology combined with the touch screen interface to select the pool and tap water two irrigation water source,set the manual and automatic two kinds of water and fertilizer operation mode,water and fertilizer parameters,To achieve the timing of water and fertilizer as well as automated control.Irrigation and fertilization system consists of two venturi suction fertilizer,an irrigation channel,two fertilizers control electric ball valve,four irrigation electric ball valve,submersible pump,centrifugal pump,liquid level instrument and other PVC pipe components,the use of electric ball valve as irrigation and fertilizer switch control combined with venturi suction fertilizer can be evenly stable to achieve the same four crops or different crops in the water and fertilizer control,at the same time for different crops during the various water and fertilizer needs to develop a matching irrigation and fertilization program.Soil moisture collection system consists of soil moisture / EC as one of the sensor,wireless acquisition module,wireless transmission module composed of three parts.The module can be designed for crop rhizosphere irrigation water content and conductivity precision control and real-time adjustment.[Results]: In this paper,fully-automatic water and fertilizer integrated system based on PLC control,which is designed for crop water and fertilizer integration system,was established by setting the ratio of water and fertilizer,N,P,K and micro-fertilizer in different growth stages.The application of sand as the combination of the cultivation matrix and system in Xinjiang to fields facilities greenhouses on high yield cultivation project implementation of the application of the four different greenhouses the precise control of crop fertilization To the PLC + touch screen for the control center module,stable and reliable;irrigation device using a separate pipeline directly controlled by the PLC,through the touch button to start a key to start irrigation,when the sensor to detect the soil volume of water to meet the water set in advance,Automatic irrigation mode;fertilization device by two fertilization channels and irrigation pipelines in parallel,can be opened independently,by monitoring the soil EC value,control the amount of fertilizer to achieve the purpose of precision fertilization;moisture / EC sensor for the root soil moisture and EC Value of the dynamic monitoring,water and fertilizer can be achieved quantitative supply and real-time control.Wireless acquisition module and the transmission module and the effective combination of sensors,and its optimization applied to the entire system to improve the efficiency of soil data collection,to achieve true precision irrigation and fertilization.The results show of Xinjiang's north and south territories facility park;Through different development stages of the crop irrigation parameters,ratio of fertilizer,fertilizer application in the design and control,Under automatic control of water and fertilizer integrated systems crop cultivation of watermelon and papaya matrix during whole growth period keep the volumetric watercontent at 10% ~ 22%,15% ~ 22.5%,the EC value in 0.32 m S/cm ~ 1.25 m S/cm,0.21 m S/cm ~ 1.15 m S/cm,implements the Pishan park watermelon and Yi qun of northern Xinjiang farm facilities park papaya on sand substrate efficient cultivation and the standardization of water and fertilizer precise control.