Research On Farmland Information Collection System Based On UAV

Currently,Chinese agricultural production is gradually entering a brand-new development stage characterized by high density of information technology.Comprehensive application of modern electronic information,communication engineering,embedded system,bioengineering and mechanized equipment technology to agricultural production has been an important production pattern for developed countries worldwide for modern agriculture.During the agricultural production,comprehensive and real-time information collection is the core of development process for agricultural production,occupying an essential role.However,information monitoring technology for agricultural production process and farmland environment information and communication technology at the present stage have too much problems to deal with.Along with the development of modern communication technology,and complete 3G,4G network coverage,the stability and transmission speed of network have been improved significantly.Besides,wireless transmission technology has been applied to each field.In this paper,farmland information monitoring system is researched and realized.Based on the field intelligent irrigation project in irrigation area along Yellow River of Huangyangtan Farm,Ningxia Nongken,relevant technology and knowledge including electronic information,communication engineering,wireless communication are adopted as well as quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)to collect information of soil humidity of about 60 mu of experimental field,based on which farmland information monitoring system based on UAV is designed and implemented.Through analysis and comparison,radio frequency communication is adopted as the major communications method of this system,selection of wireless module communication frequency,antenna type is analyzed.Regarding the design of hardware platform scheme,quadrotor UAV,low-power-consumptionprocessor MSP430F149,wireless transmission chip nRF905 and GPRS module construction are utilized as well as Modbus communication protocol to specify transformat of information data to realize efficient transmission of information data.Additionally,the model of quadrotor UAV flight path is built and analyzed based on the above mentioned communication circuit.The quadrotor UAV flight path in farmland environment can be converted to global path flight,namely data collection through the minimum routing from special point in farmland or random specified dot to the beginning.As for the UAV route planning algorithm,simulated annealing algorithm,a relatively common algorithm,is selected after comparison.Then the selected algorithm is analyzed and tested by Matlab simulation.Hardware platform(including sampling node and airborne receiver)is built finally,and wireless transmission procedure debugged.Transmission speed,communication distance and frame error rate of wireless communication circuit is tested via field communication test.Earth station server and Android programming requirement is analyzed,designed and implemented.With UAV as the hub,data collected is transmitted to earth station server through 4G network.In this way,user can observe real-time data information through computer website or mobile APP.This system is able to collect farmland environment information in a fast,effective and widespread way with higher accuracy and instantaneity when compared to traditional agricultural information system.