Design Of Hydrological Monitoring System Based On The Internet Of Things

Hydrology is a research of the nature water's transformation,movement and other phenomena.Hydrological monitoring mainly completes the monitoring of the rivers,lakes,reservoirs and groundwater.The monitoring contents include the water level,flow rate,rainfall,evaporation,sediment,water quality and other hydrological parameters.China is a vast territory and diversified climate country,and also a serious flood disaster country.According to statistics,China had suffered 1092 large-scale floods from 206 BC to 1949.Which means,the flood disaster every 2 years will takes place once on average.Currently,emissions of greenhouse gases causes global climate anomalies,the increased deforestation increases the soil erosion,and the behavior of reclamation of land from the lake reduced the regulating ability of the lake.These human factors make the environment more and more worse,and make the floods more frequent in our country.Due to the reduction of the ecological environment's regulation ability,persistent heavy rainfall may also cause a series of disasters,such as dam break flood,mountain torrents and debris flow.The common feature of these disasters is sudden: huge damage in a short period of time,and not easy to escape.Although these disasters cannot be avoided,but the real-time monitoring can achieve the purpose of effective prevention.At present,the key problem of hydrological monitoring is how to realize the real-time hydrological monitoring.The traditional manual monitoring method not only consume a large amount of manpower and material resources,but also cannot carry out large-scale,real-time monitoring.With the emergence of the Internet of things technology,the use of wireless sensor network technology solved this problem well.Concerning the development trend of Internet of Things technology,this paper put forward the topic of design of hydrological monitoring system based on the Internet of Things technology.Through the concrete hardware circuit design,software platform's construction,program writing and essay writing,the research contents of this subject mentioned are finally completed.First of all,this paper summarizes the importance and necessity of realizing hydrological monitoring intelligently,and introduces the development of hydrological monitoring system at home and abroad.According to the current situation of hydrological monitoring system in china,this paper presents a realization method of hydrological monitoring system based on embedded and networking platform.Secondly,this paper makes a detailed analysis of the design of the wholemonitoring system.Considering the factors of the work environment and conditions,the paper put forward the method of wireless communication.According to the actual needs of the system and the result of analyzing and discussing with several common short distance wireless communication technology,such as Bluetooth,WIFI,ZigBee,the ZigBee has been chosen.Finally,the paper gives the whole scheme of the monitoring system and the system framework.The monitoring system can be divided into three layers,and each layer needs to complete follow works:The main work of the sensing layer is to use ZigBee module to set up a wireless communication network,and complete the data transmission and communication between different devices in the network.The hardware circuit use CC2530 of TI company as the main control unit for ZigBee communication module,in addition it also contains a power supply circuit,clock circuit,a serial port debug circuit,etc.The wireless sensor network adopts the connection mode of the star topology,and only contains coordinator device and terminal nodes device.ZigBee terminal nodes mainly complete data collection work.ZigBee coordinators complete the data collection and transmission work.The transport layer receives the data collected from the sensing layer,then analyzes and transmits them.The transport layer,which composed of STM32 microcontroller and W5500 Ethernet controller,is used to transmit data to the internet.The software design of the transport layer is based on the embedded operating system?C/OS-III platform,and realize the network communication by W5500.The Application layer adopts YeeLink cloud platform as a server,the main work is receiving,recording,storage the data that uploads from transport layer.Users can use mobile phones and other mobile devices to understand the real-time status of different nodes by accessing the server.Debugging and testing each module individually after the completion of each part of the hardware and software work.When each module achieve the basic requirements,the conduct overall testing and evaluation will be necessary.The final test results also achieve the desired requirements.