High Level Of Understanding Of The Concept Of Conditional Probability And Independence Of Research

in the "General high school mathematics curriculum standard" released in 2007,the independence of random events has been changed from the current elective course to compulsory course,and conditional probability of random events has become an elective compulsory course,for which also made detailed requirements that emphasis should be laid on enhancing students' capability in data analysis,mathematical modeling and logical reasoning and mathematics.In recent years,the concept of conditional probability and independence has a relatively large score in the national volume college entrance examination.However,by studying the literature at home and abroad,author has found that scholars do not have much research on high school students' understanding of the concept of conditional probability and independence.In this context,it is of great practical significance to study the development level of conditional probability and independence concept learning for the reform and implementation of mathematics curriculum.This research adopts the methods combined literature analysis,questionnaire survey and interview to study the students' understanding of conditional probability and independence concept.Based on the SOLO taxonomy theory,the author made an investigation among 176 students,from a key middle school of Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province,who master a basic knowledge of conditional probability and independence concept.The author mainly from the following five aspects: first,high school students' understanding of "conditional relation" and "causal relationship";Second,high school students' understanding of conditional probability in the context of "return" and "do-not-return";Third,high school students' understanding of independence in the context of "synchronization" and "duration";Fourth,high school students' understanding of the independence of events;Fifth,there is a difference test between high school students' understanding of the concept of conditional probability and the of independence.Through the study,the following conclusions are drawn :(1)As a whole,most high school students have a moderate level of understanding of the concept of conditional probability and independence,and some students need to improve their understanding level.(2)From a specific point,high school students have a high-level understanding of independence in the context of "synchronization" and "duration",while the understanding of conditional probability in the context of "return" and "do-not-return" is in the middle-level and the level of understanding of independence of two events and three events is at the middle level.(3)There are significant differences in understanding level of conditional probability and independence among liberal arts and science students,and there are significant differences in understanding level of conditional probability and independence among science experimental class and ordinary class.In the end of this essay,basing on the research,the author puts forward some pertinent suggestions from two aspects of teaching materials and teachers.