The Relationship Between Hearing Impaired Parents’ Parenting Self-efficacy And Parenting Expectation

Autonomy is the basic need and right of children,and it is also one of the important tasks for the development of children’ personality.Autonomy is very important for special children on studies,self-evaluation and social adaptation.It is a way to show the dignity of special children,and it is also related to the quality of life.Special children’s autonomous development depended more on parents’ support,but the previous studies did not explore the deep-seated reasons of parents support children’autonomy.In fact,parents’ confidence in children’ autonomy is the basic to parents support.It is a huge number of hearing impaired children in China.Their personality is very impulsive,stubborn,and lack of self-control ability;at the same time,parents of hearing impaired children have special parent-child interaction,that will affects the trust in hearing impaired children.So it is very necessary to explore parents trust in hearing impaired children.At the same time,parents’ expectation is very important,it directly determines the acceptance and attention of hearing-impaired children,support and commitment.Parenting self-efficacy as a motivation mechanism of parenting behavior and parenting attitude,can affect the hearing-impaired children’ parents’ expectations.At the same time,hearing-impaired children parents’ trust in children’ autonomy as a kind of ability evaluation,may affect the parents’ expectations.So we assume that the parents’ trust in hearing-impaired childrens’ autonomy and parenting self-efficacy can not only play a direct role,but also play an intermediary role on parental education expectations.That will be proved in this research.Due to the current lack of tools for the investigation of the parents’ trust in hearing impaired children,this research bases on the literature review,interviews with specialeducation teachers,hearing impaired parents and experts,determines the structure of parents’ trust in hearing-impaired children’ autonomy,After the forecast test,adjustment and statistical analysis,we made the test scale about the parents’ trust in hearing impaired children’ autonomy.The autonomy trust is classified as four parts: “trust in self reliance”,“trust in self regulation”,“trust in self control” and “trust in self assertion”,using the 4 level scoring method.In addition,the parents’ parenting self-efficacy scale is adapted according to the needs of this research.760 hearing impairing children’ parents were investigated from Shandong,Henan,Shanxi,Gansu,Sichuan,Chongqing,Yunnan and other provinces.The data of the investigated is used to analyze the situation of parents’ trust in hearing impaired children’ autonomy and it’s mediating effect.The research conclusions are as follows:First,the test scale parents’ trust in hearing impaired children’ autonomy is made,which test objects are the parents of hearing impaired children,the scale has good reliability and validity,accords with the requirement of the educational and psychological measurement,and they are suitable survey tools used for testing parents’ trust in hearing impaired children’ autonomy.Second,parents comparative trust in hearing impaired children’ autonomy.In the four parts,“the trust in self reliance”gets the highest score,followed by “the trust in self regulation”,“the trust in self control” gets very low score,and “the trust in self assertion”gets the lowest score.Third,there is no significant difference between father and mother.There is also no significant difference between parents’ education and occupation.Fourth,there is a qualitative difference between parents’ mentality and family structure.The trust level of optimistic and intermediate parents of hearing impaired children was significantly higher than pessimistic parents;parents of the parents had a significantly higher level of autonomy than the parents of the single-parent families.Fifth,regions and places of origin can affect the level of parents’ trust in hearing impaired children’ autonomy.Trust level in the central region of parents was significantly higher than that of the eastern and western regions of the parents.And the level of trust in the urban parents was significantly higher than that of the rural parents in self control.Sixth,the gender,grade and lip reading ability can significantly influence parents’ trust in hearing impaired children’ autonomy.Parents’ trust in hearing impaired children’autonomy improved significantly with the growth of grade,parents’ trust in girls issignificantly higher than that of boys,children’s lip reading ability can positively predict the parents trust level.Seventh,parenting self-efficacy directly affects the parents’ expectations,and parents’ trust in hearing impaired children’ autonomy plays an intermediary role between parenting self-efficacy and parental expectations.