| This paper applies the embeddedness theory to analysis the relationship between farmer cooperatives and rural areas.we can divide the peasant cooperatives into two types,namely,the separated type cooperative and the embedded cooperative.The farmer cooperatives can be divided into two types: the isolated cooperative and the embedded cooperative.These two types of cooperatives are related to two forms of large-scale agricultural operation,namely,scale management of farmland and scale of service.Based on the rural social structure and social capital,the role of the two types of peasant cooperatives in different forms is discussed.This paper analyzes the development logic and operation mechanism of the two types of cooperatives,summarize the different characteristics of the two,and the different influences on the structure of rural strata and social governance at the grassroots level they have.Farmland scale management cooperatives rely on the direct production and management of large-scale agricultural land.Its operation mechanism are the utilization of local government,the absorption of rural elite and the exclusion of ordinary farmers,this is a form of development that has been removed from the rural community,as a foreign capital,it lacks the natural advantages of utilizing resources such as rural social trust and social structure.Through the exclusion of ordinary farmers and the absorption of rural elite,as well as the use of local governments,it focuses on the outside of the village community.In fact,it is embedded in the community outside the village,mainly use the administrative forces outside the village and the elite forces on the upper level of the village to develop.Its production development is not in the village,the socialization of agricultural production and management,in the rural areas,the "out of" cooperatives meet many difficulties,which also brings a lot of negative impacts on the rural society.Driven by economic rationality in pursuit of its own profits,it has a serious impact on the structure of the rural strata,and the grass-roots social governance environment has gradually deteriorated.Service scale management cooperatives develop on the basis of providing services to farmers in the production and management of agriculture.Its operation mechanism are the division of labor in society,providing the socialized technical service for peasants and the activation of the role of village collective co-ordination.It is an embedded cooperative.It maintains the integrity of the village,use the informal factors in rural areas,such as rural structure and social trust,and further embedded in rural communities,with these resources,cooperatives themselves and rural all develop.Its development promoted the division of labor between the backbone peasants and the ordinary peasant household and the rural elite,which enables the peasants of different classes to make use of modern productive factors while giving full play to their own advantages in resources,and then Promote the development of rural society.which has a positive effect on the structure of the rural strata.When improving the social governance environment at the grassroots level,making resource allocation more efficient,it rebuilds the rural community and make rural communities more dynamic.The embedded cooperative also provides the impetus for the "second leaps" of agricultural reform in China.While preserving the integrity of all sectors of the rural community,and maintaining stability and social order in the village,embedded cooperatives provides a social base and organizational carrier for the great leap forward development of family production and management in China.Then it perfects the classical theory of peasant theory in sociology.The analysis of the operating mechanism and social impact of the embedded cooperatives also shows the realistic effect of the new economic sociology on agriculture and expanded the application field of new economic sociology. |
