A Study Of Citizenization Cost Of Agricultural Migrants In Shandong Province From The Perspective Of Equalization Of Basic Public Services

It has been nearly 40 years since the reform and opening up,and there is a huge leap in China's industrialization and urbanization,accompanied by a large number of agricultural population moving from the countryside to the city.However,under the fundamental influence of the dualistic urban-rural system,although they have become an important force in urban construction,they never enjoy the same treatment with the urban residents of social seacurity,education,employment and other basic public services.In fact,they only change their regions and occupations without social status,and they cannot really integrate into the city life.It is of great practical significance to realize the citizenization of the agricultural migrants and to guarantee their equal access to basic public services,which is related to economic development and social stability.On the basis of combing the domestic and foreign literature related to the citizenization of agricultural migrants,this paper aims to research the topic in four aspects from the perspective of equalization of basic public services.Firstly,this paper defines the concept of the citizenization of agricultural migrants and expounds its theoretical basis.Secondly,it constructs the index system of basic public services including 18 indexes in 6 areas,such as infrastructure and basic education,and use the principal component analysis(PCA)method to evaluate the basic-public-service level of different cities in Shandong Province.Then,the paper builds the cost model formed by public costs and private costs of agricultural migrants and calculates the per capita cost in each city of Shandong Province via sum-of-the-parts valuation.Finally,based on the above analysis,the paper puts forward some suggestions to promote the process of citizenization of agricultural migrants.The results of this study show that the basic-public-service level in different cities in Shandong Province is quite different,specifically,the level is high in coastland and areas along Qingdao-Jinan Railway Line,and is relative low in other regions.Similar results are obtained after the consideration of financial factors.Besides,the costs of citizenization in the cities of Shandong Province differ a lot.Per capita public costs are about 100 thousand yuan,of which the infrastructure investment cost accounts for the largest proportion.There is a certain overlap between the areas with high public costs and the areas with high level of basic public service.In contrast,private costs are around 12 thousand yuan,of which individual housing cost accounts for the largest proportion.Based on the above analysis,this paper puts forward four suggestions for promoting the citizenization of agricultural migrants.First,clear the cost-share mechanism of citizenization.Second,build a perfect transfer payment system.Third,broaden financing channels for citizenization of agricultural migrants.Last,strengthen the construction of relevant security system.