| Located in the southwest of the Hunan central,Shaoyang City is one of the most oldest cities in Hunan province with profound cultural background which has two thousand years of history.The geography position of Shaoyang is very important,because it located in the cross areas of ethnic minorities and han nationality in the Hunan central.Shaoyang City created and developed since the western Han dynasty set up the Zhaoling Town. After the reform and opening up, although great development have been happened to Shaoyang City in many aspects, there still exist a certain gap compared to other citys in Hunan Province. This article attempts to summarize the experience and lessons to provide reference for the development of Shaoyang City in the perspective of historical geography by analyzing the changes of the Shaoyang City process.Shaoyang City experienced the evolution process which is from county to prefect ure and from state to prefectural city.Zhaoling City was set here in the Western Han Dynasty and then Zhaoling prefecture was set instead in the Jin Dynasty.It turned into Shaoyang Town and Jianzhou successively in the Sui Dynasty. It was ca lled Shaozhou in the Tang Dynasty. When the time got into the Five Dynasties and Te n Kingdoms, it was called Minzhou and Minzheng City once. It was called Shaozhou again in the Northern Song Dynasty. From the Southern Song Dynasty to Qing dynast y, both Baoqing government office and Shaoyang County set their seat of local govern ment here. In the early years of the Republic of China, it changed to Baoqing Town and then Shaoyang Town. After new China was founded, it changed to Shaoyang City.It is clear that the nature and humanities of Shaoyang City is very advantageous. As f or the composition of the inhabitant, its main body was Yue ethic group in the Pre-Qi n Period and then developed into Han gradually in the Song and Yuan dynasties. At pr esent, the principal part of the inhabitant is the progenies of people who came from Jia ngxi province at the turning of Yuan and Ming dynasty. The immigration gets on well with the indigenous inhabitants. And the manners and customs with unique features fo rmed.Shaoyang City built the stone walls in Tianshun years of Ming Dynasty(1457-1464) after undergone 1400 years of slow development,,which the urban infrastructures have been quite perfect. more than 4000 thousands armies of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom attacked the city more than 70 days and ended in failure in Xianfeng nine years of Qing Dynasty(1859), the stone walls played an importantrole in the event. Thus, people always say like this:“Baoqing is made of iron”. The situation was became smooth and steady during the Tongzhi years, the Shaoyang City’s walls and buildings have been fixed, the walls near the trench were all stone ones, the structure of the city maintained their original pattern. In the year of the Republic of China, as Shaoyang City was suffered damage again owing to the occurrence of other turmoil, Shaoyang City still stubbornly survived in the end and the planar pattern changed little. Generally speaking, in the over 1900 years(from the construction of Shaoyang city to the establishment of New China), Shaoyang City’s space changed from a single mass to a longitudinal extension of one side of the strip.The population, economic development and education level were in fluctuation as the change of the political situation,but generally in trend and winding moves forward.After the founding of new China, the town wall and most old building has been demolished as a result of the need of town construction, urban area spreads in all directions constantly. And at present, the construction of the town is still on progress,but with the development of the society, urban construction ideas of Shaoyang people have changed. People not only want the pull effect on local economic growth of urban construction, but also concern about promoting cultural taste of the town. In this case,problems emerge in the process of urbanization must be solved, and the coordination between the new city construction and old city protection shall be ensured, making scientific development of tourism resources in the county with economic and cultural mutual promotion and common prosperity. |
