The Study Of The Qualification Examination Of Provincial Examination In The Manchu Dynasty And It's Passing Numbers

The Imperial Examination of Manchu Dynasty was divided into three parts from low to high,that's the Provincial Examination,the Metropolitan Examination,and the Palace Examination.The Provincial Examination,which was conducted in the capital of each province,is the starting point of the Imperial Examination.All scholars on the record of the government,including the students at Schools and in the Imperial College,could take part in the Provincial Examination.Those pupils(TongSheng)without a status could also get the right to take part in the Provincial Examination by donating.Therefore,the number of potential examinee was very large.On the background of that time,the government was not able to make every scholar to participate in the Provincial Examination.Before the Provincial Examination,the government would select the scholars,this process is called the Qualification Examination of Provincial Examination.The Qualification Examination of Provincial Examination played an irreplaceable role in stabilizing the Imperial Examination system and in guaranteeing the quality of officer selections.From the existing research results,the study about the Qualification Examination of Provincial Examination is a weak link in the study of the Imperial Examination of Manchu Dynasty.Many scholars hold different views,and many key issues haven't drawn a conclusion.Firstly,this article attempts to discuss the system itself on the basis of the large amount of historical materials of Manchu Dynasty,and tries to clarify the development and relationship of KeShi,LuKe,LuYi.DaShou,which are the four kinds of Qualification Examination of Provincial Examination.Secondly,the purpose of the Qualification Examination is to control the number of Provincial Examination,so the Passing Number of Qualification Examination is an unavoidable topic of this article.The study found that the Passing Numbers of Qualification Examination during Manchu Dynasty were of great differences both in time and space.On one hand,these differences show the imbalance of education in different areas,and on the other hand,they also reveal the results of the Manchu Government's support on education.Besides,more Examination halls were built in provinces and more candidates the halls could accommodate.This truth reflects the development of social productivity.In order to fully correlate the above-mentioned topics,this article is organized into four parts as follows.The first part is Introduction,introduces the background of the Provincial Examination of Manchu Dynasty,reasons to select this topic,and the research status.The first chapter to third chapter will discusses the four kinds of Qualification Examination,KeShi,LuKe,LuYi and DaShou.The forth chapter is Passing Numbers,the Qualification Examination limited the number of scholars to participate in Provincial Examination,and this chapter discusses the concrete results of this limitation.The fifth chapter is the analysis of the characteristics and significance of the Qualification Examination.