The Research On The Provincial Examination Of Guangdong Province In Qing Dynasty

As the first-level examination of the imperial examination,the provincial examination also was the most competitive part.The Qing court had clear regulations on the procedure of theprovincial examination.Guangdong,which is located in the land of Lingnan,opened in the eighth year of Shunzhi(1651)in the Qing Dynasty.In the long-term development process,it has its own characteristics.It systematically studies the problems of Guangdong’s provincial examination in the Qing Dynasty,in order to enrich the knowledge of Guangdong’s education history.Research.In the qing dynasty,a total of 106 subjects were held,including 81 subjects of the formal subjects,and 25 subjects of the enke,enke and a certain subject.And because of the war in Guangdong,there are 4 times of suspension,2 times of rescheduling.The Gongyuan is a special place for the rural examination.The Gongyuan was built in the Southern Song Dynasty.Due to the change of dynasties,the Yuan Dynasty was destroyed and rebuilt in the first year of Xuande in the Ming Dynasty(1426).At the end of the Ming Dynasty,the rebuilt Guangdong Gongyuan was destroyed in the flames of war.It was not until 1683(the 22 nd year of Kangxi’s Reign)that guangdong Gongyuan was rebuilt.After five times of repair and expansion,in the guangxu years,the number of Guangdong Gongyuan houses amounted to more than 12,000,the overall regulation is complete,with Shuntian Gongyuan,Jiangnan Gongyuan,Henan Gongyuan and known as the "four late Qing Gongyuan".The examiners and questions were an important part of the township examination.There were 212 examiners in guangdong in the Qing Dynasty.Except for 5 examiners who were from juren and Erudite Hongci in the early Qing Dynasty,the rest were jinshi,and most of them were from the top 50 of diji jinshi,accounting for 51.42% of the examiners.Are,vice examiners are seven products of the academician courtyard edit-based.In the Qing Dynasty,guangdong’s township test was strictly in accordance with the system.After the abolition of eight units in the27 th year of Guangxu Emperor’s Reign(1901),according to the requirements of the Qing government,the township test was more suitable for current affairs and politics.In the Qing Dynasty,there were 8171 juren in Guangdong,with guangzhou,Chaozhou and Zhaoqing being the most.The regional distribution of Juren was positively correlated with the number of academies in each province(prefecture).Taking Xie Yuan as the representative,the rate of Xie Yuan in The Qing Dynasty was28.3%,which was 2.31 times higher than the probability of obtaining the jinshi.From the perspective of the origin and outlet of Xie Yuan,there is a tendency of diversification,which reflects the fairness and scientificity of the imperial examination.