Inhibitory Effects And Preliminary Mechanisms Of Natural Plant Antimicrobial Solution(PAMs) On Tumor Cells

With the increase of morbidity and mortality,cancer has become the main cause of death in China.Therefore,it is of great urgent to develop safe and effective antitumor drugs with low side effects.Previous studies have found that natural plant antimicrobial solution(PAMs)has many functions,such as antibacterial,anti-inflammatory and analgesic,and also has a inhibitory effect on cancer cells such as cervical,leukemia and melanoma,but the effect and mechanism of PAMs on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and breast cancer are still not clear.In present study,we investigated the effect and preliminary mechanism of PAMs on HepG2 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells via in vitro and in vivo assays.In this study,the effect of PAMs on HepG2 cells in vitro was measured by cell viability assay.The results showed that PAMs could significantly inhibit the survival of HepG2 cells.Subsequently,the results of enzyme activity assay confirmed that PAMs significantly up-regulated the expression of caspase 3,caspase 8 and caspase 9,indicating that PAMs could induce HepG2 cells to produce apoptosis.The results of fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blotting showed that PAMs significantly decreased the expression of Fox M1 and Bcl-2 and increased the expression of p53,which was consistent with the survival of PAMs inhibiting HepG2 cells and the induction of apoptosis.Next,we explored the effect and preliminary mechanism of PAMs on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells through in vitro assays.The results of cell viability assay showed that PAMs could remarkably repress the survival of MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro,and the results of enzyme activity assay also confirmed that PAMs induced apoptosis by activating caspase 3,caspase 8 and caspase 9 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells.Similarly,the results of fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blotting also confirmed that PAMs could inhibit the survival and induce apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells by downregulation of FoxM1,Bcl-2,and upregulation of Bax and E-cadherin.Finally,we evaluated the tumor inhibition effect of PAMs through MDA-MB-231 nude mice xenograft model.The results showed that PAMs significantly inhibited tumor growth.Subsequent HE(Hematoxylin-eosin)staining and immunohistochemical results further confirmed the inhibitory effect of PAMs on tumor growth.The results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that PAMs could significantly reduce the expression of TNF-? and VEGF in plasma,suggesting that PAMs may inhibit the growth of tumor by downregulating the expression of TNF-? and VEGF.In summary,these results suggest that PAMs may inhibit the survival of HCC HepG2 and breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and induce apoptosis by downregulating the expression of FoxM1 and regulating its related signaling pathways.Because of its lower toxic and side effects and significant inhibitory effect,PAMs is expected to be a potential drug for the treatment of HCC and breast cancer.