| Since the prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms and pathogenic mechanisms of complex and diverse infectious diseases, for which we need to study the deeper they provide strong experimental support for the clinical treatment. In addition, impaired wound healing in skin ulcer is one of the major medical issues in the aged society. Wound healing is a complex process orchestrated by a number of humoral factors and cellular components.Folk medicinal plants have a very long history of usage in traditional Chinese medicine and are usually one of the principal herbs found in many herbal formulae used in the therapy of dermal ulcer, skin diseases, and wounds. However, systematic evaluation of these activities is few reported. In this context, validations of the ethno-therapeutic claims of the plants in wound healing activity were studied. In addition, the anti-microbial activity and antioxidant activity were performed to understand the mechanism of wound healing potency.The natural plant antimicrobial solution (PAMs), which was the extracts of complex Chinese natural and folk medicinal plants including Carthamus tinctorius, Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Solanum indicum, Cymbopogon distans was studied in this work. The preliminary antimicrobial effects and mechanisms of PAMs against Candida albicans、 Pseudomonas aeruginosa、Aspergillus niger were investigated. C. albicans and A.niger were completely inhibited after 2 min treatment with PAMs. Double dilution was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC)/(MBC). The minimal inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration reached to 75% and 80%(v/v),16%and 17%(v/v),22% and 24%(v/v) respectively. Combined use of the extracts of medicinal plants with ethanol would synergistically enhance the antifungal effects as compared with the ethanol treatment. The mechanism of the solution against C. albicans was attributed to direct destruction of the pseudohyphae, evidenced by the killing kinetics, antifungal activity and fungal cell growth assay. In addition, scanning electron microcopy revealed that the morphology of the conidia became more irregular and ruptured when treated with the solution. Based on increasing alkaline phosphatase activities, ultraviolet absorptions and electric conductivities of the fungal culture solution, it may exert its antifungal properties by disrupting the structure of cell wall, membrane integrity and their permeability, finally resulting in cell death.The effects of PAMs on wound healing were evaluated in mice full-thickness excision mouse model. Wounds were measured and photographed every 3 days till the end of the experiment (day 15) in order to determine the wound closure rate (WCR). The effects of PAMs on wound healing were assessed by the rate of wound closure, period of epithelialization, granulation tissue weight and histopathology. In the PAMs treated group, a trend of reduction of the wound area was observed from days 7 to 15 and a significant difference (as compared with control group) was found on day 7. Topical application of PAMs caused faster epithelialization, significant wound contraction (99.54%) on 18th post-wounding day, better than the control group (88.6% on 15 day). The ulcer healing effect of PAMs was further supported by better developed scars and epithelialization as well as good formation of capillaries with enhanced TGF-β1 expression. Our results demonstrated for the first time that PAMs was effective in promoting dermal ulcer healing in mice through the processes of granulation tissue regeneration, fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis promotion and anti-inflammation in vitro. The present study provided one of the scientific bases for the support the traditional use of PAMs in curing of dermal ulcer. |
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