The Relationship Between Subjective Memory Complaint,Housebound And Cognitive Function Among The Elderly

ObjectiveThis study was to assess the present situation of the subjective memory complaint,housebound and cognitive function among the elderly and investigate the relationship among the subjective memory complaint,housebound and cognitive function.Then,combining relevant interventions to achieve the prevention of dementia in the early stage.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in Qian,an,Hebei province from March to May in 2016.One town was selected conveniently,and a total of nine villages were randomly selected from all thirty-six villages in this town.In the course of this investigation,all the investigators took household survey.The demographic questionnaire,Subjective Memory Complaint Questionnaire(SMCQ),the Chinese version of Housebound Scale and the Minimental State Examination Scale(MMES)were employed to evaluate the general demographic characteristics,subjective memory complaint,housebound and cognitive function.We used AMOS 23.0 and SPSS 23.0 to conduct pearson correlation analysis to make clear the relationship among subjective memory complaint,housebound and cognitive function and to analyze the the mediating role of housebound between subjective memory complaint and cognitive function.Results1?The scores of SMCQ was(5.18 ± 2.09).The subjective memory complaint in the effects of various demographic data:Different age,gender,marital status,culture degree and self-rated health of the elderly SMCQ score difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).2?The scores of the Chinese version of Housebound Scale was(4.58 ± 1.36).The prevalence rate of housebound was 21.7%.The housebound in the effects of various demographic data:Different age,marital status,culture degree,physical exercise and self-rated health of the Chinese version of Housebound Scale score difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).3?The scores of MMSE was(20.35 ± 5.32).The prevalence rate of cognitive disorder was 42.9%.The cognitive function in the effects of various demographic data:Different age,gender,marital status,culture degree,physical exercise and self-rated health of the elderly MMSE score difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).4?There was positive correlation between the score of SMCQ and the Chinese version of Housebound Scale(r=0.520,P<0.01).And there was negative correlation between the score of MMSE and the score of SMCQ,the Chinese version of Housebound Scale(r=-0.546,P<0.01;r=-0.551,P<0.01).5?The results of multiple linear regression indicated that subjective memory complaint was predictor of cognitive function(? =-0.836,t=-8.811,P<0.001)and housebound(?=0.266,t=9.482,P<0.001).It also showed that subjective memory complaint(? =-0.547,t=-5.551,P<0.001)and housebound(? =-1.085,t=-7.177,P<0.001)was predictors of cognitive function.6?Based on the structural path model,subjective memory complaint had significant direct effect on housebound(?1=0.59,P=0.00)and cognitive function(?2=-0.56,P=0.00),housebound had significant direct effect on cognitive function(?3=-0.23,P=0.00).In addition,there was a significant indirect effect(?4=-0.64,P=0.00)of subjective memory complaint on cognitive function via housebound as mediator.Conclusions1?The prevalence rate was higher in the elder,women,lower educational level,widowed,self-perceived health poor elder people.2?The prevalence rate of housebound was high.And the prevalence rate was higher in the elder,lower educational level,widowed,less physical exercise,self-perceived health poor elder people.3?The prevalence rate of cognitive disorder was high.And the prevalence rate was higher in the elder,women,lower educational level,widowed,less physical exercise,self-perceived health poor elder people.4?There was positive correlation between the score of SMCQ and the Chinese version of Housebound Scale.And subjective memory complaint was predictor of housebound.There was negative correlation between the score of MMSE and the score of SMCQ,the Chinese version of Housebound Scale.Subjective memory complaint and housebound was predictors of cognitive function.5?In addition,there was a segmental indirect effect of subjective memory complaint on cognitive function via housebound as mediator.6?Grass root nurses should apply comprehensive nursing measures to improve the memory function and prevent being housebound of the elderly,which will help achieve the prevention of dementia in the early stage.