| Objective:To investigate influence factors of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection(RRTI)in a hospital of Qiqihar Department of Pediatrics,and provide scientific basis for further constructive prevention and control of the occurrence of RRTI.Methods:We collected 402 cases of preschool children with RRTI diagnosed by hospital pediatric respiratory medicine hospital from 2014 January ~ 2016 December in Qiqihar City.Some related information were collected,including gender,age,birth weight,birth(cesarean section,preterm birth,breastfeeding or birth)(breastfeeding or artificial feeding),the clinical index and smoking history of parents,living areas(such as immunological indexes,blood,trace elements and other materials).Epi Data 3.1 software was used to build the database,and data analysis using SPSS 19.0 statistical software.Descriptive analysis: For the description of metering data,the mean ± standard deviation(SD)was used.For the description of counting data,the rate or composition ratio(%)was used.The quantitative variables were analyzed by t test,and the qualitative variables were analyzed by chi square test.Results:1.A total of 402 preschool children with RRTI were enrolled in this study,including 141 infants(35.1%),151 children(37.6%),and 110 preschool children(27.4%).388 subjects(96.5%)was abnormal in the number of neutrophil,399 subjects(99.3%)was abnormal in the number of lymphocyte;158 subjects(39.30%)was abnormal in Ig G,59 subjects(14.68%)was abnormal in Ig A,45 subjects(11.19%)was abnormal in Ig M;66 subjects(16.4%)lacked Zn,117 subjects(29.1%)lacked Fe,183 subjects(45.5%)lacked Ca.2.In 2014~2016,the total number of respiratory science aged children was 4930,a total of 402 patients with RRTI were detected,with a total detection rate of 8.15%.There was no statistical difference in detection rate in three years(c2=0.012,P=0.994).The detection rates of recurrent upper respiratory tract infection and recurrent pneumonia were the highest in 2015,with 1.15% and 6.38% respectively;the detection rate of recurrent bronchitis was the highest in 2016,with 1.59%.The detection rate has decreased over time in preschool children with recurrent respiratory tract infection(c2trend=4.853,P=0.088),there was no statistical difference in recurrent bronchitis detection rate(c2trend=2.829,P=0.093),there was no statistical difference in recurrent pneumonia detection rate(c2trend=0.003,P=0.958).3.Children of different age groups were statistically significant differences in gender,area and clinical manifestation(respectively c2=17.029,P<0.001;c2=45.664 P<0.001;c2=23.379,P=0.001).For blood routine examination,there were significant differences in hemoglobin and lymphocyte detection results for different age groups(respectively c2=19.271,P<0.001;c2=8.024,P=0.018).For hemoglobin examination,we found infant group's abnormal rate was 19.1%,children group's abnormal rate was 25.2%,and preschool group's abnormal rate was 4.5%.Children group's abnormal rate was higher than infant group and preschool group(P<0.05).For immunological examination,Ig G and Ig A detection results showed that there were significant differences in different age groups(respectively c2=38.606,P<0.001;c2=96.865,P<0.001).?In Ig G detection results,the infant group's abnormal rate(57.4%)was significantly higher than children group(37.1%)and preschool group(19.1%),and the differences between three groups were statistically significant(P<0.05);?In the Ig A detection results,the abnormal rate of infant group(38.3%)was significantly higher than that of children group abnormal rate(1.3%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The abnormal rate of infant group(38.3%)was significantly higher than that of preschool group(2.7%)(P<0.05).For the abnormal rate of children group(1.3%)and the abnormal rate of preschool group(2.7%),the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).For checking the trace elements,there was statistically significant differences between different age groups in Zn,Fe and Ca(respectively c2=7.107,P =0.029;c2=10.473,P =0.005;c2=33.113,P <0.001).?In Zn examination,difference between Zn deficiency rate of children group(11.3%)and preschool group(23.6%)had statistical significance(P<0.05),while the other groups had no significant difference;?In Fe examination,there was difference between Fe deficiency rate of infants group(38.3%)and preschool group(20%)had statistical significance(P<0.05),while the other groups had no significant difference;?In examination of Ca,difference between Ca deficiency rate of infants group(64.5%),children group(23.6%)and preschool group(30.9%)had statistical significance(P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference between children group and preschool group(P>0.05).4.There were significant differences in the regional distribution of preschool children with different gender RRTI(c2=4.241,P=0.039).For checking the trace elements,the lack of Zn female patients the lack of Zn was significantly higher than male patients(c2=5.431,P=0.02).5.There were difference in abnormal rate of Ig G and Ig A between different areas of preschool children with RRTI,and the rural subjects with abnormal detection rate were higher than in cities(respectively c2=10.153,P=0.01;c2=7.561,P=0.006).There were difference in abnormal rate of Zn and Ca between different areas of preschool children with RRTI(respectively c2=4.823,P=0.028;c2=6.686,P =0.01),the subjects in city with abnormal rate of Zn were higher than in country(20.9% vs.12.7%),and the rural subjects with abnormal rate of Ca were higher than in cities(51.4% vs.38.5%).6.For Trace elements examination in different types of RRTI,the prevalence of preschool children with Fe deficiency had significant difference between different types of RRTI(c2=9.657,P =0.008).The Fe deficiency rate of bronchitis 45.5% was significantly higher than that of pneumonia,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05),there was no significant difference between other groups.7.The related factors of recurrent respiratory tract infection in infants were analyzed:?There were statistically significant differences in mycoplasma infection among RRTI infants with different delivery modes(P =0.046),and the proportion of mycoplasma infection in infants with cesarean section RRTI was significantly higher than that of infants with spontaneous delivery of RRTI.?RRTI infants with different feeding patterns had significant difference in Ig A test results(P=0.030).The abnormal detection rate of Ig A in breast fed infants with RRTI was significantly higher than that of artificial feeding(41.1% vs.8.3%).Conclusion:1.In 2014~2016,the total positive rate of RRTI in preschool children was 8.15%;the annual prevalence of type with recurrent pneumonia infection;the detection rate of upper respiratory tract infection has decreased over time.2.Among RRTI,there was a higher proportion of Ig G and Ig A in infants,and the abnormal proportion of Ig G and Ig A in rural children was higher.3.Among RRTI,the rate of Fe and Ca deficiency was higher in infants,and the rate of Zn deficiency is high among women;And the proportion of Zn deficiency in urban children was higher than that in rural areas,but the proportion of Ca deficiency in rural children was higher than that in urban areas.4.In infants with RRTI,the proportion of mycoplasma infection in cesarean section was higher than that in natural childbirth,and the abnormal detection rate of Ig A in breast feeding group was significantly higher than that in artificial feeding group. |
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