Investigation And Analysis On The Present Situation Of Patients Safety Climate

ObjectiveThrough acquiring the cognition of patients' safety climate among various types of medical personnel,analyzing the advantages and disadvantages areas as well as affecting factors of cognition,and exploring different reflections from personnel of different character on patients' safety climate,so that to help hospital administrators understand the present situation of patients' safety climate and provide evidence for needs of improvement and means in accordance.Research Subject and MethodPSCHO was conducted to survey 600 medical personnel in a comprehensive hospital of Shenzhen by random sampling method from February to June 2016.Epidata3.0 was used to establish the database for data double entry and collation.Data was input into SPSS20.0 for statistical analysis with test level taken as a=0.05.Descriptive statistical analysis was used in counting data,and mean and standard deviation were used in measurement data to describe the basic situation.The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were analyzed by internal consistency reliability,structural validity and factor analysis.Meanwhile,descriptive statistical method and variance analysis(ANOVA)were used to explore the patients' safety climate of medical personnel with different factors,such as category,education background,length of service and frequency of communication and training,etc.Results1.A suitable PSCHO for medical personnel of the hospital was formed.The questionnaire had a total of 38 items,composed of nine dimensions,i.e.participation of managers,organization of resources,overall emphasis of safety,habits of safety within departments,support from departments,sense of shame,sense of punishment,learning ability and awareness of unsafe behavior.For the 3 8-item scale in Chinese version of PSCHO,internal consistency Cronbach's a coefficient was 0.848,and Cronbach's a coefficients for each dimension were 0.827,0.839,0.842,0.776,0.869,0.727,0.820,0.828 and 0.887 respectively,which means all dimensions had high internal consistency and good reliability;and the result of explorative factor analysis revealed that the PSCHO had acceptable structural validity.2.1n the cross-sectional survey,600 PSCHOs were sent and 516 effective PSCHOs were recovered.Effective recovery rate was 86%.3.The overall score of patients' safety climate of medical personnel was(3.53±0.40)points,indicating that the patients' safety climate of medical personnel was a little bit above the moderate level.Specifically,the dimension of overall emphasis of safety got the highest points,while the dimension of sense of punishment got the lowest points(3.92±0.62)vs(3.09±0.95).4.Scores and positive response rate of each category were as follows.The organizational category was(3.62±0.46)points,with positive response rate of 63.81%;The departmental category was(3.54±0.59)points,with positive response rate of 60.95%;The individual category was(3.37±0.45)point,with positive response rate of 54.06%.5.Medical personnel were divided into five groups,i.e.practicing physician,nurse,medical technician,pharmacist and manager.All these categories of medical personnel showed significant differences in the safety awareness of sense of shame and learning ability(P=0.001,P=0.025).For the dimension of sense of shame,the practicing physician group had the highest score and the manger group had the lowest one,(3.62±0.46)vs(3.04±0.58)points;for the dimension of learning ability,the practicing physician group had the highest score,and the medical technician group had the lowest one,(3.99±0.53)vs(3.55±0.65)points.Further mutual comparison showed that the difference between the practicing physician group and the manager group in their overall scores was statistically significant(P=0.024),while that scores between other groups was not statistically significant.Scoring difference among all dimensions:Participation of managers:The medical technician group had a lower score in participation of managers than the manager group(P<0.05).Department safety habit:The practicing physician group had a higher score in department safety habit than the manager group(P<0.05).Support from departments:The practicing physician group had a higher score in support from departments than the manager group(P<0.05).Sense of shame:The practicing physician group had a higher score in sense of shame than the nurse group and the manager group(P<0.05);The medical technician group had a higher score in sense of shame than the manager group(P<0.05).Sense of punishment:The practicing physician group had a higher score in sense of punishment than the manager group(P<0.05).Learning ability:The practicing physician group had a higher score in learning ability than the medical technician group and the pharmacist group(P<0.05).The medical technician group had a lower score in learning ability than the manager group(P<0.05).The pharmacist group had a lower score in learning ability than the manager group(P<0.05).6.Overall,the PSCHO scores and scores of all dimensions for medical personnel under the factors of age,educational background,frequency of communication,training and attention,and teachings were significantly different(P<0.05).Conclusions1.The Chinese version of PSCHO scale has a good reliability and validity.It can be used as a tool to provide reference for domestic hospitals when evaluating patients' safety climate.2.Medical personnel with different characters have different cognition of patients' safety climate.And the difference between practicing physician group and manager group was statistically significant.3.Positive response rate under different categories are different within a hospital and it is the highest in the organizational category..4.Leaming ability,sense of punishment and sense of shame are important factors that affect a hospital to improve the patients' safety climate.5.Hospitals should make specific improvements by means of theory,system and practice tools according to relevant factors that affecting patients' safety climate.