| Objective:To investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes through analyzing among the urban and rural residents aged over 18 years old in Jilin province.Thereby,to provide scientific guidance for controlling the diabetes mellitus and intervening risk factors of urban and rural residents in Jilin province.Methods:The research material data of this study was derived from the National Survey of Thyroid Diseases and Diabetes-the year of 2014(TIDE).Using the current epidemiological investigation method,stratified random cluster sampling was performed to recruit the urban and rural residents of Jilin province for more than 18 years old(total individuals 2538 including 1154 urban objects and 1384 rural objects).The survey included questionnaires,physical examinations and laboratory tests.Oral Glucose Tolerance Test(OGTT)was performed on residents without history of diabetes mellitus.Result:(1)The prevalence of total diabetes(previously diagnosed and newly diagnosed)was 15.3%(15.9% in urban objects,and 14.8% in rural objects),and there was no significant difference between urban and rural areas;43.2% of the diabetes were newly diagnosed;the prevalence of prediabetes was 14.1%(12.1% in urban objects,and 15.7% in rural objects),and the prevalence of prediabetes in rural area was significantly higher than that in urban area.(2)In the urban objects,the prevalence of diabetes in male was significantly higher than in female(P=0.001).(3)In the urban objects,the prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes were increased with age(7%,6%,16%,15%,24% and 15% for diabetes,2%,8%,22%,24%,34% and 41% for prediabetes aged ?30,31-40,41-50,51-60,61-70 and ?70,respectively),thus there were differences among different ages(P <0.001).The highest prevalence rate of prediabetes(24%)was in the group(age of 61-70),while the highest prevalence rate of diabetes(41%)was in the group(age over 70).However,in the rural objects,the prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes varied smoothly(20%,15%,15%,13%,11% and 14% for diabetes,16%,18%,12%,14%,16% and 14% for prediabetes aged ?30,31-40,41-50,51-60,61-70 and ?70,respectively),thus there were no differences among different ages(P >0.05).(4)In both urban and rural objects,the prevalence rates of prediabetes and diabetes mellitus were increased with BMI(urban objects: 8%,15% and17%,and rural objects: 9%,16%,and 28%,respectively).Thus for both urban and rural objects,there were no differences in prevalence among different BMI indices(P<0.01).(5)The prevalence of diabetes in people with a family history of diabetes was significantly higher than in those without a family history for both urban and rural objects(urban objects: 22%,12%;rural objects: 30%,12%).There was a statistically difference in prevalence between different people with and without a family history of diabetes(P <0.001).(6)The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in hypertension group were higher than normal blood pressure group(P <0.001)for both urban and rural objects(urban objects: 18%,8%;27%,9%,and rural objects: 20%.12%;21%,10%).(7)In urban objects,the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes had a download trend with increasing degrees of education(25%,13%,10%;22%,23%,10%),while there was no significant change trend in rural objects.Thus there were differences between different degrees of education in urban objects(P <0.01);however,there was no difference in rural objects yet(P >0.05).(8)The prevalence in urban objects differed from different occupations.The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes for farmers and those running the home were significantly higher than other occupations,and the prevalence of students were lowest in urban objects rather than rural objects.Thus for different occupations,there were differences between prediabetes and diabetes in urban objects(P <0.05)rather than rural objects(P >0.05).(9)In urban objects,the prevalence of diabetes for smokers was higher than non-smokers(P <0.01).(10)The multivariable regression analysis results showed living in rural area,overweight,high waist circumference and rapid heart rate were risk factors for pre diabetes(P<0.05,OR>1).Age greater than 60,high waist circumference,high TG and rapid heart rate were risk factors for diabetes(P<0.05,OR>1).Conclusion:(1)The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes for residents of Jilin province for more than 18 years old were 15.3%(in urban objects: 15.9%,and in rural objects: 14.8%),14.1%(in urban objects: 12.1%,and in rural objects: 15.7%).The prevalence of prediabetes in rural objects was higher than rural objects.(2)Living in rural area,overweight,high waist circumference and rapid heart rate were risk factors for pre diabetes.Age greater than 60,high waist circumference,high TG and rapid heart rate were independent risk factors for diabetes. |
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