| ObjectiveBurns is common in daily life.Patients often have acute onset,accompany with a series of problems such as physical damage,limb dysfunction,and so on.It seriously impacts daily life of patients,interpersonal communication and learning,easily leads to anxiety,depression and other serious mental problems,some patients even develope to posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD).According to the reports,after 1-2 weeks,symptoms of PTSD appeared in burns patients is about 15-38%,3-6 weeks is about 33%,after one year is about 20%.With the development of medical technology,the survival rate of burns patients has been significantly improved,the medical workers staff in burns patients not only pay attention to physical treatment,but also need to focuse on the mental health of burns patients.Therefore,pay attention to early burns patients mental health maintenancing is particularly important to improve the patient’s quality of life.Resilience had been brought by American psychologist Anthony in the seventies of the 20 th century,according to a large number of studies,it proved that resilience was an important factor affected in patients psychological recovery after trauma or stress.The change of resilience occurred along with the interaction between human and environment,there are two aspects influencing resilience,including internal and external factors.The internal aspects include individual physical and psychological status,for example:age,emotion and cognition;external aspects include family,society,interpersonal relationship,and so on.The impact of burns patients may be profound.With a view of younger patients,psychological effects after burns is more serious,because in their future there are more potential and psychological problems.However,in reality events,young patients in all recover quicklier than the elderly patients,and young patients own other diseases are relatively few,so in the same condition young patients are of great physical and psychological prognosis.In physical,young patients have a strong metabolism,it can effectively promote wound healing,but the formation of scar caused great psychological pressure to young patients.In psychological,young patients are more easier to receive family supports and their social experience are less,the pressure is few,so they are easier to adjust their emotion;but on the other hand,burns may affecte their personality,cognition and the emotion of life,leaving lifelong psychological trauma.The recovery of elder patients is relatively slow,and may lead them pessimistic to value of life,social relationship and ability of work.At the same time,elder patients often lack of family supports,so they may need more social supports and comprehensive intervention to promote wound recovery.In the recent years,the researchers mainly focus on negative effects brought by traumatic events,but with the positive psychology building,an increasing number of researchers begin to pay attention to an positive change of negative events in psychological--posttraumatic growth(PTG).The PTG referes to the positive psychological changes to individual which experience traumatic events.There are many factors affecting the individual PTG,such as the individual factors,including demographic,coping style,personality traits;the disease itself and environmental factors.Some researchers propose that the level of PTG in female patients are higher than men after trauma,young patients are more easiler to receive PTG than elder patients after trauma,and the length of disease also has correlation with the PTG.But there are many studies contrary to above contentions.Methods1.ParticipantsUsing convenient sampling method to survey 2 hospitals from October 2014 to April 2015 due to various types of burns hospitalized patients.The inclusion criteria are:(1)patients admitted to hospital for the first time less than 30d;(2)mild and moderate burns patients(according to the burns severity:mild burns--second degree burns area is less than10%;moderate burns--second degree burns area is 11% to 30%,or third degree burns area is less than 10%);(3)patients with clear consciousness,normal expression,could understand and cooperate with the investigation.A total of 200 questionnaires are issued,finally collecte questionnaires data of 188 copies,of which 123 cases are male,65 cases are female;age range from 19 to 69 years old,the average age is 36.49±11.01;68 cases are fire burns,81 cases are liquid burns,24 cases are electrical injury,15 cases are hot crush injury;injured area include head and neck injuries of 37 cases,trunk injuries of 33 cases,limbs injuryies of 118 cases.2.ToolsQuestionnaires consist of general demographic data questionnaire,Connor-Davidson resilience scale,Perceived Social Support Scale,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,The Positive and Negative Affect Scale and Chinese Posttraumatic Growth Inventory.3.StatisticsData are analyzed by SPSS19.0 statistical software,measurement data uses mean±standard deviation;the between group difference analysis uses T test,One-Way ANOVA analysis;correlation between indicators use correlation analysis(test level of alpha is 0.05)and multiple regression analysis.Results1.Characteristics of resilience in mild to moderate BurnsThe scores of resilience in burns patients are 60.34±14.31,resilience of patients is generally low.Resilience of burns patients in different age,gender,occupation,marital status,cultural degree,the extent of injury and the position of injury are not of statistical significant(P>0.05).In different medicare type group,resilience of burns patients in total scores of resilience and tenacity factor is of statistical significant(P<0.05).2.The correlation of social support,coping style,positive and negative emotion with resilience in mild to moderate Burns(1)The scores of high resilience group in the social support,coping style and positive emotion are higher than those in the low scores group,and the difference is of statistical significant(P<0.05).(2)Resilience and each factors are positive correlated with social support,positive coping style and positive emotion(P<0.05),but not correlated with negative emotion(P>0.05).Among them,the total of resilience score,tenacity factor and optimistic factor are positive correlaed with negative coping style(P<0.05),but strength factor is not correlated with negative coping style(P>0.05).(3)Friend support,positive coping style,positive emotion are predictors of resilience.3.Characteristics of PTG in mild to moderate BurnsThe scores of PTG in burns patients are 42.34±18.44.In different age group,PTG of burns patients in mental changes factor is of statistical significant(P<0.05).PTG of burns patients in different gender group is of statistical significant(P<0.05),and male>women.In different medicare type group,PTG of burns patients in mental changes factor is of statistical significant(P<0.05).But PTG of burns patients in different occupation,marital status,cultural degree,the extent of injury and the position of injury are not of statistical significant(P>0.05).4.The correlation of resilience and coping style with PTG in mild to moderate Burns(1)The scores of high PTG group in the total scores of resilience and its various factors,positive coping style are higher than those in the low scores group,and the differences are of statistical significant(P<0.05).(2)PTG and each factors are positive correlated with the total scores of resilience,tenacity factor and positive coping style(P<0.05),strength factor are positive correlated with PTG and its personal power factor and life appreciation factor(P<0.05).The total scores of PTG and each factor are not correlated with optimistic factor and negative coping style(P>0.05).ConclusionThe resilience of patients in mild to moderate burns is lower than its in the general population,the economy is an important factor affecting the resilience of burns patients.Resilience has correlation with social support,positive emotion and coping style,and it is not correlated with negative emotion.Friends support,positive coping style,positive emotion are predictors of resilience,and the PTG of burns patients is close correlated with resilience and positive coping style.Therefore our medical workers in the treatment of burns patients,not only pay attention to the problem of patients with the disease,but also need to strengthen communication with patients,help patients contribute a positive attitude to accept treatment,improve resilience of patients,help patients get more PTG. |
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