Study On Cooperative Effect Of Different Improvement Measures In Tobacco Planting Soil

Soil environment is getting worse because of the use of chemical fertilizer, long-term continuous cropping planting mode,Soil nutrient was lost, and the soil structure was destroyed, which affected the effective and sustainable utilization of the existing land resources, reduced the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, and the serious decline of the economic benefits.Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the current situation of soil, maintain the soil environment in a good range, improve the utilization of existing agricultural land resources, high quality and high yield of flue-cured tobacco, and sustainable development of tobacco. Through the experiment of soil improvement measures discussed different improving measures on soil’s physical and chemical characters, tobacco plant growth, development and yield and quality of flue cured tobacco of influence, to screen out the suitable soil improvement programs. The main conclusions are as follows(1)Effects of soil improvement measures on Agronomic Traits and photosynthetic characteristics of flue cured tobacco in XiangxiField experiments were used to study the effects of different soil improvement measures on agronomic traits, photosynthetic characteristics and canopy of flue-cured tobacco in Xiangxi. The research results show that:(1)in the rosette stage, soil improvement measures can improve the stem girth, but to improve the plant height had no obvious effect, the treatment of agronomic traits with agronomic traits was better than that of the control, straw +lime+microbial fertilizer in flue-cured tobacco is better; the budding stage, the soil improvement measures to improve the tobacco plant height, leaf number, leaf area has obvious effect, better than the control treatment; in the beginning period of flue-cured tobacco, soil improvement, pitch, leaf number was higher than that of the control, green manure and lime+microbial fertilizer is particularly obvious, has a positive effect on improving the maximum leaf area, but the treatment on the improvement of plant height stem girth is not affected, overall, soil improvement measures have effect on tobacco growth prophase agronomic traits, on the growth of tobacco plant has little effect.(2)green manure+lime+microbial fertilizer treatment has an upper leaf area rate, but leaves slightly thicker and leaf weight is relatively large, leaf quality weight is relatively high. From the middle leaves, green manure, lime+microbial fertilizer leaves the moderate thickness, single leaf weight moderate, leaf quality weight moderate in the bud stage of flue-cured tobacco, soil improvement measures could improved net photosynthetic photosynthetic rate, stomatal, transpiration rate, green manure, lime+microbial fertilizer treatment of transpiration rate was the largest.(3) flue-cured tobacco in the beginning period, soil improvement measures can increase the net photosynthetic rate of, stomatal conductance, but the transpiration rate of no obvious effect. (4)Soil improvement measures could effectively improve photosynthetic active radiation and enhance photosynthesis, but had no significant effect on the leaf area index of flue-cured tobacco. The green manure+lime+microbial fertilizer is optimal.(2)Effect of soil improvement measures on soil physical and chemical properties of tobacco field in XiangxiEffects of soil improvement measures on soil physical and chemical properties of tobacco field in Xiangxi were studied by field experiments. The results of the study show that:(1) the soil improvement measures soil bulk density in rosette stage and initial mining stage of higher processing, now bud stage and final period, the soil bulk density value is low; soil porosity after transplanting to beginning period, had no obvious change, began mining period to the final period, the soil porosity change, green manure and straw and green manure and straw and lime, straw+lime+microbial fertilizer the soil porosity increased; the soil water rate assumes the trend of escalation.(2)with the control treatment, the organic matter increased 2.7g/kg～4.21g/kg, an increase of 10.1%～18.4%; final period, compared with the control treatment, straw and green manure treatment of alkali solution nitrogen content increased 44.73mg/kg, increase for 31.1%; with the control treatment, soil improvement measures processing soil available phosphorus content increased 1.06mg/kg to 6.97mg/kg, an increase 5.6%to 37.1%; with the control treatment, soil improvement measures to handle the content of available potassium in soil increased 14.94mg/kg to 44.34mg/kg, an increase of 7.18%～21.3%, the role of the latter is not obvious.(3)Effect of soil improvement measures on Yield and quality of flue cured tobacco in Xiangxi province was studied by field experiment. The results of the study show that:(1) Burying green manure, application of soil amendments can increase the yield and quality of tobacco have a positive impact on, improve the proportion of secondary smoke, yield, but to improve the proportion of superior leaves had no significant effect, with green manure, lime +microbial fertilizer treatment of economic characters were the best. (2)soil improvement measures can increase the upper leaves of nicotine, total nitrogen, potassium, total sugar content, reduce chlorine content, on the reducing sugar content was not obvious, to green manure, lime+microbial fertilizer in flue-cured tobacco potassium content highest chemical composition relatively coordination; straw and green manure application has increased central leaf total sugar, reducing sugar, potassium content, reducing the chlorine content, nicotine, the law of total nitrogen content was not obvious, to green manure, lime+ microbial fertilizer in flue-cured tobacco potassium content is the highest, chemical composition relatively coordination. The green manure+lime+microbial fertilizer production quality is better.