Effects Of Application Of Green Manure With Inorganic Fertilizers On Soil And Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco Cultivar Hongda

In this study, as the experimental object, on the condition of the equal contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the flue-cured tobacco cultivar of Hongda was fertilized with inorganic fertilizers as a control, applied different kinds of green manure (Vicia villosa, barley, buckwheat) and 30% and 60% of the proportion of organic nitrogen fertilizer, to research soil improvement on the vega and the quality of Hongda. The main results are as follows.(1) Green manure and inorganic fertilizers could improve soil permeability, while the degrees of improvement were different. Overall, the porosity of soil increased by 4.3～5.3%, and the pH and volume weight of soil decreased 0.1～0.4 and 0.037～0.163 grams per cm3. In contrast, buckwheat and barley could significantly increase the contents of available K. As the ratio of organic nitrogen grew, the available P lost, and the total nitrogen, organic matter, available N, potassium, water soluble chloride.(2) Green manure and inorganic fertilizers could prolong the growing period and have more influence on the late yellowing period than the early field growing period. The rosette and vigorous growing stage were 1 to 6 days in advance, the yellowing was 2 to 9 days delay than the contrast ones, and the field growing period was totally 117 to 121 days. Compared with the control plant, the height, width and length of the middle leaves were significantly increased. The length of the middle leaves with barley fertilizer increased by 7.44%, the width and height of middle leaves with Vicia Villosa increased remarkably. On the contrary, applying organic nitrogen fertilizer made the opposite way to grow.(3) The dry matter of about 80% of the root,70% of the stem and 60% of the leaf were accumulated after being transplanted for 6 weeks to 9 weeks. The Vicia Villosa and barley fertilizer combined with inorganic fertilizers could improve the dry matter accumulation in the middle stage of growing. The rise of those three segments from high to low was stem> leaf>root; Compared with the control plant, the fertilizer with 30% organic nitrogen made much more dry matter accumulation of Hongda than 60%.(4) The different leaf positions showed chemical composition apart from another. The fertilizers also made the chemical composition of leaves greatly different from the control ones. The upper the leaf position goes, the potassium and chlorine content decreased. The reducing sugar content in leaves from high to low is middle> lower> upper. Compared with the control, the potassium and reducing sugar content increased by 20.1%～25.6%,7.1%～30.81% in turn. In lower leaves, the nicotine content increased by 2.39%-8.79%, and reduced by 2.10%-12.11% in upper leaves. In the varieties of green manure, barley could rise up the chlorine content of upper and middle leaves, Vicia Villosa were able to increase the chlorine content of lower leaves. The higher ratio of organic nitrogen fertilizer is, the more content of reducing sugar, nicotine, and chlorine is.(5) Fertilizer can significantly enhance the coordination of chemical composition of tobacco leaves. As a whole, barley combined with 30% organic nitrogen led most coordinately. As the upper position of leaves, the proportion of potassium and chloride rise. Except the proportion of reducing sugar and nicotine is low in upper leaves, it were normal numbers in other positions of leaves. Compared with the control, after fertilizing the green manure the proportion of potassium and chlorine most part of them were over 10. It showed that the fertilizing reduced the ratio of potassium and chloride. In general, the ratio of sugar and nicotine is all less than 10, fertilizing barley can make substantial reduction on the proportion of reducing sugar and nicotine, potassium and chloride. The higher ratio of organic nitrogen fertilizer is, the more content of reducing sugar, nicotine is.(6) There is more orange leaves with deep and pure color, loose and soft structure, moderate thickness, much more oil, less injury, better ripeness and significantly improved presidential quality. The maximum ratio of high grade leaves reached 90.4%. It leads more production and higher average price increase.