Study On The Present Situation, Causes Of Soil Acidification And The Effect Of Improvement Measures On Flue-cured Tobacco Quality In Baoshan Tobacco Growing Areas

This study through detected 30 soil samples, tobacco sample, nearly eight years of rainfall data and investigated the situation of fertilization in five counties of Baoshan in the year 2015.Has been clear about the present situation and cause of soil acidification in Baoshan tobacco growing areas,According to the condition of soil acidification in Jietou of Tengchong county.Through the application of lime, dolomite powder, calcium magnesium phosphate,Mineral potash fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer field experiment.The effect of different soil conditioners on the quality of K326 and the pH and nutrient content in planting tobacco soil were studied in this paper.The main results are as follows:The phenomenon of soil acidification in Baoshan tobacco growing areas was serious, Ratio of acidified soil in 0-15cm tobacco planting soil (pH< 5.5) was 40%,Ratio of acidified soil in 15-30cm tobacco planting soil samples(pH< 5.5) was 50%.The 0-15cm planting tobacco soil in each counties of Baoshan,soil acidification phenomenon was the most serious in Tengchong County, and Changning County,the ratio of acidified soil were 60% in both counties.Planting tobacco soil acidification was light in Longyang district and soil samples did not appear in the case of pH< 5.5.By analyzing the correlation analysis of soil nutrients, chemical composition of tobacco leaf, rainfall data and soil pH in Baoshan tobacco growing area,the content of organic matter and available sulfur in soil was too high, Large rainfall,these factors were the mainly cause of soil acidification in Baoshan tobacco area.Except for calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, lime, dolomite,Mineral potash fertilizer(calcined), Mineral potash fertilizer(hydrothermal), biological organic fertilizer could effectively improve the tobacco planting soil pH, which lime is the best, followed by mineral potassium fertilizer (calcined). The effect of biological organic fertilizer on flue-cured tobacco production was the largest, and the output value of Mineral potash fertilizer(calcined) was the highest.except tobacco yield and output value of calcium magnesium phosphate was slightly lower than the control, the yield and output value of each processing were higher than the control.Considering the physical indicators of flue-cured tobacco leaves,biological organic fertilizer was the best for the physical indicators of Lower leaves of flue cured tobacco,Mineral potash fertilizer(hydrothermal) was the best for the physical indicators of middle leaves of flue cured tobacco.lime and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer were the beat for the upper leaves.Effects of Soil conditioner on the chemical composition of the upper leaves were small, mainly affecting the chemical composition of the middle and lower part of the tobacco leaf. Nicotine content in lower tobacco leaves was biggest when the soil conditioner was mineral potash fertilizer(calcined),Nicotine content in lower tobacco leaves was least when the soil conditioner was lime,Potassium content of lime treatment was the best, followed by mineral potassium fertilizer (calcined) processing and biological organic fertilizer. In the chemical compositions of middle leaves, the nicotine content was highest when the soil conditioner was lime, Potassium content was biggest when the soil amendment was calcium magnesium phosphate.Soil conditioners had no significant effect on the smoking quality of lower part tobacco leaf and the middle and upper leaf was the main influence. Smoking quality scores of middle leaves from high to low:lime>mineral potash fertilizer(hydrothermal)>biological organic fertilizer=dolomite>calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer>mineral potash fertilizer(calcined)>CK,Smoking quality scores of upper leaves from high to low:mineral potash fertilizer(hydrothermal) >lime=mineral potash fertilizer(calcined)>calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer>biological organic fertilizer>dolomite>CK.Lime and mineral potassium fertilizer(hydrothermal) could significantly improve the smoking quality of tobacco.