| Proventriculitis of Chicken are mainly characterized by slow-growth, poorly uniformity,decrease of feed utilization rate. The proventriculus is obviously swelling and the mucosa is anabrotic. Recently, the morbidity of proventriculitis on broiler and layer chicken is increasing and has caused great economic loses to most provinces in China. There are many reports about the proventriculitis, but the views of pathogenesis and pathogenic mechanism are not identical:some researchers thought that it was mainly caused by the pathogenic factors,whereas some supported that it was caused by non-infectious factors. This study was mainly conducted in Tai'an and surrounding areas about the epidemiological investigation of chicken.To provide theoretical basis on prevention and treatment of gland gastritis, we constructed a pathological model starting from non-infectious pathogenic factors to understand the pathogenesis of non-infectious factors in gland gastritis and its pathogenic mechanism.The epidemiological investigation revealed that proventriculitis mainly occurred in Taian,Heze, Liaocheng, Laiwu, Linyi, Jinan, Dezhou, Rizhao and other cities in Shandong province.The disease has no obvious seasonal characteristics: it has a higher incidence in summer as well as in autumn and winter.The investigation also showed that the occurrence of the disease is closely related to the feed and breeding management factors.Different days of age, different varieties of chickens can suffer from proventriculus. Onset age were mainly before 90 days of age especially egg chickens and bred chicken, followed by 1 to 3 weeks of age boiler and meat hybrid chicken(817), local varieties chicken(Ma chicken) also has the morbidity and showed a sporadic trend. The sick chickens had high incidence and chronic cases were often difficult to heal. Necropsy observation and histopathological examination of typical gland gastritis showed acute catarrhal inflammation of gastrointestinal mucosa and muscular stomach cuticle erosion, small bowel dilatation pneumatosis and effusion in acute cases;chronic catarrhal inflammation of glandular stomach mucosa and marked thickening of theglandular stomach mucosa, epithelial cell necrosis, mucosal layer and glandular lymphocytes in vivo or different eosinophil eosinophil diffuse hyperplasia in chronic cases. The liver,spleen and other organs atrophy. Took 28 typical cases of glandular stomach and spleen tissue with PCR / RT-PCR to detect the pathogen associated gland gastritis. The test results show that the detection of Marek's disease virus(MDV) rate was 39.3%(11/28);reticuloendotheliosis virus detection rate was 32.1%(9/28); the mixed infection had 5accounted for 17.9%; infectious bronchitis virus were not detected.By studying on non-infectious pathogenic factors related to gland gastritis at home and abroad,the research chose the construction of mycotoxin B1 and endotoxin pathogenicity model. Also, drugs were supplemented in the feed to intervene the toxicant. The result showed that the mycotoxin B1 and endotoxin model group occurred obvious acute gland gastritis disease and chicken exhibited growth dysplasia, diarrhea and fecal material; necropsy and histopathological examination found that acute catarrhal or bleeding catarrhal gastroenteritis disease, spleen and immune organ dysplasia. A non-infectious pathogenic factor model was successfully established. The results showed that the grow performances of chicken in groups1, 2 and 3 were obviously greater than that in groups 4 and 5.The clinical treatment experiments showed that the supplementation of 0.01% lipoic acid, 0.4% glutamine, 0.5%arginine, 0.5% isatis root and 0.1% vitamin C, Bacillus coli in feed can significantly increase the healthy status of intestinal tract, the grow performance and the immune function.The combination of the material in this experiment improved the protection of the chicken's gastrointestinal health.In this study, the epidemiology and pathogenesis of chicken in Tai'an and its surrounding areas were investigated and analyzed. The model of chicken gland gastritis caused by fungal toxin B1 and endotoxin was successfully constructed, and the control effect of functional feed additive was verified.Research on the etiology and prevention of the disease has a certain reference value. |
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