Research On Fire Safety Evacuation Of Large Furniture Professional Wholesale Market

With the rapid development of the real estate industry,the demand for furniture market has also soared.Home exhibition center,Furniture Expo City have sprung up.Each furniture city is equivalent to the size of a wholesale market.Their functional layout,area,use and personnel load are very different.Because furniture city usually adopts small spaces in a large space,it is not only easy to cause fire accidents,but also often cause serious casualties and property losses when the fire happens.The design of evacuation system in buildings is an important part of building fire protection design.It is necessary to analyze the fire risk of the furniture wholesale market and find out the corresponding fire prevention countermeasures.Therefore,taking Guangdong Province as an example,this paper conducts a field investigation of large-scale furniture wholesale market,and analyzes the crux of the problem through actual case study,and puts forward the Optimization Countermeasures of fire safety evacuation.The main contents are as follows:(1)In-depth analysis of the investigation data,summary of the furniture wholesale market and the fire load density research results,summed up that it is difficult to divide the presence of fire compartment,set up fire facilities,put out the fire,and evacuate people.And suggest the value of people density in a large furniture wholesale market.(2)Analysis regular pattern of fire and personnel characteristics,summed up the judgments of safety evacuation including: 60 degrees is the limit temperature for a human safety;when carbon monoxide concentration is higher than 500 ppm or 2-meter high indoor visibility is less than 10 m,the environment is not safe;evacuation time ASET should be greater than the required safety egress time RSET.(3)Take a Furnishing International Expo City as a case study,set up 20 different fire scenarios,using FDS and BuildingExodus software for simulation of smoke movement and personnel evacuation simulation,draw the following conclusions: 1)Furnishing city in the water spray failure condition,visibility of personnel safety evacuation is more serious;2)wind speed helps to blow off the smoke when the "cross court" parallel to the wind,rather than perpendicular to the wind;3)in the fire fighting equipment normal starting conditions,the time from fire starting to the evacuation of harm in every layer partition was more than 480s(above 8min),when the water spray fire flashover failure,the risk time becames to about 360s(about 6min).(4)Put forward fire fighting countermeasures and safety evacuation optimization measures.Fire protection countermeasures are: 1)to improve the fire resistance rating,reduce fire load;2)improve the building layout,ensure fire separation;3)strengthen fire protection facilities construction and management,improve the discovery and the beginning of a fire fight ability;4)to strengthen the safety management,improve fire safety awareness.Fire evacuation optimization measures are as follows: 1)optimize fire zone division;2)use building corridor evacuation;3)design open warehouse and shop;4)improve evacuation guidance system.