Safety Study On Evacuation In The Fire Of Xidan Cultural Square

With the increase of social members,today’s society is gradually evolved into intensive group activities with personnel intensive and economically developled,in order to meet the needs of social members’life,entertainment,leisure,shopping malls also arises at the historic moment.Especially with the space of ground becoming tense,the underground shopping mall is also rapidly development.On one hand,underground shopping mall has solved the space shortage,but on the other hand also gives people other things with immeasurable fire hazards and disaters.Compared with the ground building,underground shopping mall has itself characteristic,which includes escape route single,road narrow, the smoke of the fire and heat diffusion is difficult.Within the limited space,people is also limited by evacuation time and evacuation route too.Once occurred,it will cause a large number of casualities and economic loss.Therefore, through the simulation of fire smoke, combined with the technical means such as fire risk assessment, peopel simulates analysis of the underground mall fire, smoke, heat and toxic gas diffusion process, drafts the security scheme of evacuation, and also provides the basis for fire emergency plan,the way has become the important means of the safety management with underground shopping mall.In this paper, combined with the actual condition of the underground mall, the premise of fire risk analysis and identification of major hazards, according to the simulation of fire smoke of Fluent software, evacuation safety height, toxic gas distribution and heat distribution and safety evacuation requirements are analyzed.According to the need of simulation of fire smoke, aiming at the mall layout, facing the reality of the problem, according to the principle of the most unfavorable safety fire risk analysis, through the investigation of the basic condition of building, it determines the risk of building itself (GR) and the risk of building staff, material (IR).According to the calculation results, it determines the level of fire danger division of shopping malls, and it also determines the location of the major hazard installation fire.These provides the basis for simulation of fire smoke fire location, size.After designing fire scenario, establishing geometric model,in this paper.it uses the Fluent software to the simulation,which set the fire smoke simulation time1200s.The simulation results include the height of the flue gas, toxic gas distribution and heat distribution, which provide basis for the safety of fire evacuation judgment. Based on the characteristics of underground shopping mall and personnel evacuation simulation results, in the aspect of safety management,it provides evidence for practical, safe evacuation route.