Imitation Of Imperial Gardens In Qing Dynasty

In the reign of Emperor Qianlong,seven imperial libraries were built around the whole country with the Tianyige Library as model to store Siku Quanshu.In which four northern libraries were built in imperial palaces and gardens,which were Wen Yuan Ge in the Forbidden City,Wen Yuan Ge in the Old Summer Palace,Wen Jin Ge in the Mountain Resort,and Wen Su Ge in the Imperial Palace in Shengjing.The other three libraries were built in southern areas,which were Wen Zong Ge in Jinshan Palace in Zhenjiang,Wen Hui Ge in Tianningsi Palace in Yangzhou,and Wen Lan Ge in West Lake Palace in Hangzhou.This study analyses the seven libraries' imitation of Tianyige Library from the perspective of imitation of imperial gardens in Qing dynasty.Firstly,this study analyses the Tianyige Library,the prototype of seven libraries,which is also the most ancient private library in China.By revealing the Tianyige Library's basic situation,construction ideas,collection of books,architectures and gardens,this study shows the unique history of Tianyige Library under the protection of Fan's family and the library culture with rules of “the offspring should never separate the books,and the books should never be taken away from the library”.Secondly,by investigating the historic documents,this study reveals the Emperor Qianlong's intentions of “inspecting and summarizing the ancient experiences and propagating cultural education”,”prohibiting by collecting books” by compiling Siku Quanshu,and confirms the design intention of imitating the Tianyige Library by Emperor Qianlong.Thirdly,this study summarizes the basic situations of the seven libraries,reveals the three main types of imitations of imperial gardens in Qing dynasty which are conception,situation,and object imitations.Fourthly,this study analyses the naming translation of “using the water to suggest literature” from the Tianyige Library,concludes the imitation of the seven libraries from the perspective of architectures and gardens with the characteristics of adapting to local conditions,and restores the architectures and gardens of Wen Yuan Ge,Wen Zong Ge,and Wen Hui Ge by combining the documents and relics for future research.