Study On The Rural Vernacular Dwelling Courtyard Space In Mount Tai

There are many types of courtyards in China.Vernacular dwelling courtyard is an important branches of the courtyard.It has the characteristics of large base,wide distribution and obvious geographical features.Courtyards surrounding Taishan area have a long history and are indispensable part of cultural landscape in Mount Tai scenic area.It is affected by the change of natural geographical environment,social and economic conditions,the scenic management system and other elements of the regional culture of Taishan.In the paper,taking rural vernacular dwelling around Mount Tai as the research object,using multidisciplinary cross analogy method,field investigation method,questionnaire and interview method,system analysis method,the courtyard and its evolution are studied.It puts forward to provide some theoretical and practical to the protection and construction of the dwelling.The main research results are as follows:(1)Based on the analysis of the natural,historical and cultural background of the Taishan area,the evolution of the village and folk culture are analyzed.Most villages originated in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The village name is mainly named after the surname and scenic spot,then the legends,landscape topography,other natural geographical features and economic specialty.As a result,vernacular dwelling has distinctive regional characteristics,involving construction materials and the location.(2)Through the analysis of landscape elements and characteristics system of the research area,the courtyard can be divided into four types including Si-he-yuan,San-he-yuan,"L" type and Yi-he-yuan.The courtyard landscape elements include the house,wall,screen,vegetation and other subsidiary elements.Meanwhile,the courtyard's space layout,space sequence and the spiritual connotation were discussed.(3)Choosing the related factors effecting residents' willing to reconstruct the courtyard,spss20.0 and regression model were used to deal with the data.relevant factors that affect the housing construction and reform.The order of the driving forces was as follows: management system of the Scenic Area(x13)> changes of family income(x8)> lifestyle changes(x9)> the development of rural tourism(x16)> the family population structure change(x7)> annual family income(x1)> cultural degree(x2)> the rural homestead system(x11)> traditional culture and customs(x15).(4)To the problems of abandoned traditional dwelling courtyard,lack of culture in the new residential courtyard and the destruction of rural texture in the development of rural area around Mount Tai.A courtyard was select and the reconstruction mode design was practiced.The user in the courtyard is villagers.Courtyard,being a productive and living space,was a living culture succeeded by local villagers.It were shown in courtyard's functions,forms,constructing materials and methods.Then,the current courtyard construction needs to be combined with the new demands of the villagers in order to achieve the preservation and protection of rural human settlements culture.