The Analysis Of Architecture Morphoiogy And Aesthetics On Cao's Dwelling House Of Beiguang Village In Taigu County

As the important component of Chinese traditional architecture, Shanxi's vernacular house is an ample historical cultural heritage of architecture. It's formation and development is the general reflection of many factors, such as society, economy, culture and nature. Owing to the development of business and finance in Shanxi during Ming and Qing dynasty, Shanxi's merchant have the strength of building the fine residence. Large courtyard of Cao's dwelling house is the typical representation of Shanxi's vernacular house. It's the result of given time, givenzone, given economic conditions under the influence of Shanxi merchant's culture, and it has the particular architectural formation and space configuration. "Shou"-shaped courtyard is courtyard of Cao's San Duo Tang , was originally built at the end of Ming Dynasty and at the beginning of Qing Dynasty, it is the general office, and the head management, where the Cao Family used tocarry on business decisions, monetary exchanges, inspection and control, and the headquarters combining residence, living, recreation and negotiation into one. This courtyard covers an area of 10600 square meters, consisting of an inner house and an outer house. The courtyard is surrounded by tall brick walls just like a castle. The layout of the construction is in the shape of the Chinese character "Shou" meaning longevity. The courtyard follows the simple and unsophisticated architecture style in Ming dynasty, without complex and sumptuous characteristics in Qing dynasty, and reflects the hierarchy and pedigree conception in the society of the patriarchal clan system. These characteristics are reflected through the architecture use , structure , from , space composition, decoration art of the courtyard .The article especially analyses and investigates the aspects of architectural morphology and aesthetics in "Shou"-shaped courtyard in Cao's dwelling house from the view of temporal social culture and history development, among which architectural morphology includes the aspects of site selection, planning scheme , space composition and build technique, architectural aesthetics includes the aspects of social institutions, Tian Ren He Yi and merchant's aesthetic consciousness . The author summarizes the building methods and design idea of some traditional vernacular house to offer the useful edification for city construction and architectural design.