The Study On The Design Strategy Of Building Climate Adaptability In The Renewal Of Beijing Historic District

Architecture and climate are closely linked.In various environmental factors faced by architecture,climate plays a leading role,and the primary purpose of building is to create a comfortable environment and adjust the difference between the artificial and natural climate.In the renewal of the historic district in our country,the new building is more of a mere imitation of the form to obtain commercial value.Design and construction lack energy-saving considerations,resulting in a lot of resources and energy consumption.This paper takes Beijing traditional courtyard as the object of study,combined with the practice of the renovation of the east area of Qianmen,discussing the climate adaptation mechanism,characteristics and inheritance methods of the traditional buildings.Through field investigation,literature summary,and digital simulation analysis method to do some research on the function layout,courtyard scale size,layers,slope of roof and the color of architectrue,to obtain some quantitative conclusions.Through the research,in the courtyard function layout,the penthouse should be transformed into a part of the main house,to make the wind environment more stable.To choose one wing room of both side to build,the west is better.The main house is orientated north and south,which has a great lighting environment to meet high requirements.In winter,the wind speed in the northeast corner and the southwest corner of the courtyard is large,which is unfavorable to the heating and heat preservation,and the key wind prevention should be done.The change in the scale of the courtyard has great impact on the wind environment in the courtyard.It will have good wind environment when the ratio between width and depth of the courtyard close to 1:1.Height ratio between the main house and Dao Zuo Fang also have an impact on the wind environment.The recommended interval is 1.2~1.4.The change of the layers of buildings in the courtyard has a great influence on the light environment and the wind environment inside the courtyard.Compared with the traditional courtyard,the wind speed is larger in two layer and two layer above,which is unfavorable to keep warm in Beijing area in winter.With the increase of layers,the house which in south will shade the north of the courtyard.For the three layer of the courtyard,the second floor are best in lighting condition,but the East Wing attention to anti-glare.The slope of the roof of the building has a certain significance in terms of building insulation and solar energy utilization,which in the range of 30 ° to 45 ° is better.In addition,in the architectural color,in Beijing historical district,gray has a large heat absorption coefficient,which is favorable for the warm in winter.It should be consistent with the main colors,and appropriate innovation in Beijing historical district.Finally,come to the conclusion through the simulation and optimization of the planning and design of the B4/C2/C4 block in the east area of Beijing Qianmen street.This study can provide some basis and reference for architects in the early design of the renovation of historic blocks.