Study On Evacuation Of Elderly Facilities Based On Elderly’s Behavioral Characteristics

With the progress of population aging in China,more and more elderly choose to live in elderly facilities,so the security of elderly facilities becomes very important.When the disaster occurs,the behavioral characteristics of elderly will affect their safety evacuation.Therefore,the study on evacuation of elderly facilities based on the behavioral characteristics of the elderly has certain practical significance.Based on the study of relevant literature at home and abroad,this paper studies the main factors influencing the evacuation of the elderly facilities based on the characteristics of the elderly,and finally the case simulation research is carried out through the evacuation software,the factor affecting the evacuation of the elderly facilities have people and buildings,the former factor includes older factors and staff factors.First,based on the special physiological and psychological characteristics of the elderly,the evacuation behavior of the elderly in the disaster event is analyzed,then based on the five processes of the evacuation of the elderly(human supply stage,preparation stage for the elderly,evacuation stage,rest and recovery And the manpower supply phase)the elderly evacuation behavior model is build,self-helping aged people can rely on their own preparatory work and self-evacuation,under nursing aged people and part of device-helping aged people need the help of staff to completing the work of prepare and evacuate.Then,from the perspective of building factors,the paper analyzes the influence of different building types,fireproof requirements,safe evacuation design and safe evacuation equipment on evacuation of elderly facilities.The safe evacuation design mainly includes evacuation strategy,evacuation line,evacuation space,and safe evacuation equipment including evacuation corridors,safety lifts,evacuation stairs,ramps and evacuation slides.Finally,through Pathfinder evacuation software,considering the behavior of the elderly,the evacuation of different types of elderly people is simulated,and the evacuation time of the evacuation process of the elderly is tracked.When the safety evacuation design of the elderly facility is unreasonable,the design of safety evacuation is improved and the feasibility of the program is verified by simulation again.