Research On The Evaluation And Design Of Urban Park Space Environment Based On Sense Of Security

As a public open space of inner city,urban parks afford an important place for people to relax and eliminate physical and mental fatigue.However,under the influence of the high crime rate in the city,the park has become one of the places of the most frequent crimes,which not only reduces defensibility of parks' space environment,but also forms the fear of crime of tourists.According to tourists' sense of security,this paper researched on the spatial-temporal characteristics of crime,the.construction of criminal space,the evaluation standard and the design content of urban parks.The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1)A summary of the definition about sense of security and its influence factors in urban parks.Combined with the concept of security sense and influence factors studied domestic and abroad,as well as the background of urban parks' crime in China,this paper defined the concept of security as fear of crime,and summarized the influence factors of urban parks that are mainly about material objective level and personal level.(2)Investigation and analysis of crime space environment in urban parks.Taking Fuzhou as an example,this paper collected 64 cases of crime information which took place in 14 Fuzhou urban parks during 2006 to 2016.Based on the field investigation of the information,this paper explored the spatial-temporal characteristics of the crime in the urban park,and made an in-depth analysis from the perspective of space environment.(3)Establishment of evaluation system of urban parks' space environment based on sense of security.On basis of theoretical and practical investigation,this paper established the evaluation system of urban parks' space environment based on sense of security of tourists through six criterion layers,namely of spatial factors,environmental factors,social factors,safety management,experience factors,psychological factors and 28 indicators object layers related to tourists'sense of security in urban parks.And the relative weight value of the evaluation system was determined through the analytic hierarchy process,which using the expert consultation table and the evaluation weight questionnaire.And the importance ranking of the 23 indexes such as spatial D/H ratio and spatial boundary was obtained at last.(4)Empirical study.This paper chose the West Lake Park,Minjiang Park,Guoguang Park as empirical research object for the evaluation system.According to spatial structure,layout and road system of parks,this article divided the parks into different spaces,and used the evaluation system to evaluate tourists' sense of security.Finally,integrated overall evaluation value of tourists' sense of security,this paper pointed out the shortcomings of three parks' space construction and security management.(5)Strategies and design suggestions for improving tourists' sense of security in urban parks.Combined with the evaluation index system of urban parks' space environment which based on tourists' sense of security,this paper attempts to provide suggestions from three aspects,namely the space environment design of urban parks,the cognition of tourists'psychological safety,the practice of fear of crime victim inside park,so as to curb the crime of the urban park,to construct the space environment which are able to meet the needs of tourists' psychological security in the park,and to reduce the fear of crime.