Changes In Coastal City Ecosystem Service Values

With the continuous development of society and the rapid increase economy level,the urbanization has accelerated;the population expansion is speeding up at the same time,and increasing pressures on the environment.The ecological crisis is getting worse,and the ecosystem service function has declined,which has brought great challenges to the sustainable development of the society.Coastal city,as the junction area of ocean and land,is rich in natural resources,and can provide abundant material base for coastal and inland areas.However,due to the complexity and sensitivity of the coastal ecosystem,the ecological environment of coastal cities has been threatened,in addition to the frequent exploitation and utilization activities,and the value of ecosystem services has changed.What is more,the value of ecosystem services is the basis for the rational use resources,so it is of great significance to study the value of ecosystem services in coastal cities,and the scientific evaluation of ecosystem service value can provide reasonable suggestions for the ecological environment protection measures and the related policies.Yingkou is an important coastal city in Liaoning province,in recent years,the rapid development of urbanization has occupied a large area of water,which has a certain impact on the ecosystem.In this study,land use changes in Yingkou over a 10-year period are assessed using a geographic information systems platform and the TM remote sensing images of 2004,2009 and 2014 can be interpreted in YingKou City and the basic data of land use is obtained,moreover,the area of ecosystem is obtained.The Costanza calculation method and Xie Gaodi classification system are used to estimate changes in the total values of ecosystem services in the Yingkou area from 2004 to 2014,and to investigate the causes of these changes.The ?difference and change tendency? of ecosystem service value is calculated using the Theil Index.Research shows that:(1)During the period of 2004-2014,the change of land use in Yingkou is large,and the area change of each ecosystem is various.The area of water ecosystem is the most obvious,with a decline of 43.5%.The ecosystem service value has changed,including farmland,woodland,desert,wetland,aquatic ecosystem service value are reduced,and the construction land and grassland ecosystem service value are increased.The total value of ecosystem services showed a downward trend,from 18.1887 billion yuan to 15.693 billion yuan,the reduction rate is about 17.2%.(2)The biggest change in the value of ecosystem services type in Yingkou is waste disposal,its ecosystem service value decreased by 38%,followed by water conservation,reduce 15.5%,the minimum reduction value is food production,a decrease of 0.81%.The values of forest,desert,farmland,construction land,wetland and water ecosystem services have a large gap,and the service value of forest,desert,farmland,construction land change and grassland ecosystem is far less than the service value of wetland and aquatic ecosystem,and the lower value of the latter accounted for 95.6% of the total reduction.(3)The service value of various ecosystems internal,among various ecosystems and the whole ecosystem in Yingkou City is different,the difference decreases gradually over time,which is indicates that the contribution rate of ecosystem service types is changing,and the contribution rate of various ecosystem is changing,it is also indicates that the contribution rate shift to a balanced state gradually.(4)Analysis shows: the obvious reclamation phenomenon in urban areas is the main factor that causes the decrease of ecosystem service value;due to the coastal new area is established and a large area of water is occupied,its ecosystem service value decreased by 2.526 billion yuan from 2004-2014,which is accounting for 98.9% of the total value of ecosystem services in Yingkou;according to the change characteristics of ecosystem service value in Yingkou,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.(5)In order to make the ecological system of Yingkou city have a benign development,the paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures from two aspects: strengthening the control of land degradation and pollution,and paying attention to the protection of ecological land.