| Along with the development of the world economy,the problems of energy depletion and environmental pollution are becoming more and more serious.Especially,the greenhouse effect caused by the emission of carbon dioxide is becoming more and more prominent.It not only has a negative impact on Chinese production and people’s livelihood,but also makes China suffer from the international heavy pressure.Based on this background,the study of carbon emission efficiency has become one of the hotspots in the field of low carbon economy.As the main source of carbon emissions is the various industrial sectors,this paper takes the industries as the main studying bodies.Based on the relevant theories and literatures,the paper respectively measures and calculates the carbon emission in the total factors frame,and studies the Dynamic Evolution and its driving factors.It has important significance for governments to set up a more realistic target of emission reduction,optimize the industrial structure and set reasonable policies of emission reduction.First of all,calculate and measure the efficiency of carbon emission from perspective of total factor,and make some related analysis.Compared with the efficiency of carbon emission from perspective of single factor,the carbon efficiency of total factorshas a more comprehensive indicator system and the function of efficiency improvements.The total factor carbon emission efficiency is defined as highest economy growth and lowest rate of CO2 emissions while the inputs of capital,labor and energy are constant.And the total factor carbon emission efficiency measured by the method of Super-SBM DEA.Next,the paper empirically studies on the dynamic evolution of the industry carbon emission efficiency and the analysis of its driving factors.The dynamic evolution of industry carbon emission efficiency adopts absolute convergence test method and nuclear density analysis method,while the study of the driving factors of adopts IGVAR model.The empirical results are as follows.Firstly,the industry carbon emissions are significantly different and show an increasing trend over time.Construction has the lowest carbon emission and its average value is 3490 million tons,which is because the low energy consuming of Construction(the average value of its energy consumption is 47.82 million tons of standard coal,which is only 2.7 percent of Manufacturing).Manufacturing is the "Double high" industry.According to the data,its value of carbon emissionsis 433372 million,which is 115 percent of the sum of the others,and its growth rate is 8.95%.The ranking of the rest industries from high to low order is: Production and Supply of Electricity,Gas and Water,Mining,Transport,Storage and Post,Agriculture,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery.Secondly,different industries shows different the carbon emission efficiency indicators of total factors,and its rank of the six industries from high order to low order is: Construction,Agriculture,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery,Manufacturing,Transport,Storage and Post,Production and Supply of Electricity,Gas and Water,Mining.And the average carbon emission efficiencies of Manufacturing,Transport,Storage and Post,Production and Supply of Electricity,Gas and Water,Mining are less than 0.2,but Construction’s emission efficiency is 0.89.Thirdly,the industries’ carbon emission efficiency is not convergent,and the industries of low efficiency show a slowly increasing trend,which is the main problem of Chinese carbon emission efficiency.From the perspective of simply changes over time,the industries of low carbon emissions efficiency,whichconclude Mining,Manufacturing,Production and Supply of Electricity and Transport,Storage and Post,present slowly increasing trend or waving in a narrow range basically.From the perspective of the evolution of carbon emission efficiency,evolution convergence shows that after 2007 carbon emissions efficiency does not satisfy the convergence.And there are three main characteristic.The first one is that most industries or sectors have a low level of carbon efficiency in a narrow range,and a small number of sectors or sectors are clustering at a higher level;The second one is that,Over time,the carbon efficiency of most industries is increasing slowly;The third one is that the industries or sectors with high levels of concentration have large differences in carbon emission efficiency,and compared with those in industries or sectors with low levels of carbon emission efficiency,its difference is small.Fourthly,there are some differences between different industries in the indicator of carbon emission efficiency,and the results can be analyzed as following.(1)Different factors of Industry emissionefficiency have different effects,and they also have obvious spillover effect and crowding-out effect.On the one hand,the Industrial economic growth and technique improvement both have positive impacts on itself,and the expansion of the Industrial trade openness roughly has a negative effect on itself.On the other hand,the Industrial economic growth roughly has spillover effects on Transport,Storage and Post,and crowding-out effect on Agriculture,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery and Construction;The Industrial technique improvement roughly has a spillover effect on Agriculture,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery,and crowding-out effects on Transport,Storage and Post and Construction;The expansion of the Industrial trade openness roughly has spillover effects on Transport,Storage and Post and Construction,and Agriculture,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery,and a crowding-out effect on Construction.This suggests the government Synthesize the internal function,spillover effect and crowding-out effect to holding current situation of the carbon emission efficiency.(2)For one trade,different factors have different effects,and for one factor,different trades have different effects.On the one hand,all three driving factors of Agriculture,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery,Mining and Construction contribute to the improvement of carbon emission efficiency.And there are only two driving forces of Electricity,Gas and Water and Transport,Storage and Post the electricity contribute to the improvement of carbon emission efficiency,which are GDP and technique improvement.As for Manufacturing,only the technique improvement factors can make a contribution.On the other hand,underthe impulse of economic scale,the improvement of Manufacturing’s emission efficiency is biggest,and the ranking of the rest trades from high to low is Transport,Storage and Post,Mining,Production and Supply of Electricity,Gas and Water,and Construction.Under the impulse of technological progress level,the improvement of Construction’s emission efficiency is biggest,the improvement of Transport,Storage and Post is smallest,and the ranking of the rest trades from high to low is Manufacturing,Agriculture,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery,Mining,Production and Supply of Electricity,Gas and Water.Under the impulse of trade openness,the improvement of Agriculture,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery is biggest,the second one is Mining,the third one is Construction,and the other trades’ emission efficiency are all decreasing.Finally,based on the above conclusions,the paper makes some suggestions to promote the carbon emission efficiency.As for the promotion of Agriculture,Forestry,Animal Husbandry and Fishery emission efficiency,the key is promoting the labors’ quality and accelerating economic development.As for the promotion of Industry emissionefficiency,the key is energy conservation and technical progress.As for the promotion of Transport,Storage and Postemissionefficiency,the key is energy conservation and economic development.As for the gap narrows of the emission efficiencies of different industries,the paper suggests that aim at the industries of low carbon emission efficiency,strengthening the supervision of their energyconsuming,and incline more resources. |
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